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8 Science chp 2 Kuhn
Term | Definition |
---|---|
crystal | a solid formed by a repeating pattern of atoms |
density | a measure of how "light" or "heavy" a material is for its size |
hardness | a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched |
luster | the way a mineral reflects light |
mass | the amount of matter in an object |
mineral | a naturally formed, inorganic solid with a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition |
streak | the color of a mineral in a powdered form |
volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
deposition | the natural process of adding transported sediments to a landform |
erosion | the transport of fragments of rock by water, wind, ice, or gravity |
extrusive igneous rock | rock formed from the cooling of molten rock on Earth's surface |
intrusive igneous rock | rock formed from the cooling of molten rock below Earth's surface |
lava | molten rock that has erupted onto Earth's surface |
lithification | the compaction and cementing of sediment rock |
magma | molten rock below Earth's surface |
metamorphic rock | rock that has been changed by heat and pressure |
rock cycle | a continuous series of events through which a rock is transformed from one type to another |
sediment | rock fragments that nave been transported to a different location |
sedimentary rock | rock formed from sediments, organic remains, or chemical precipitates |
soil | the top layer of the Earth's surface that supports plants growth |
weathering | the breakdown of rock due to rain, wind, ice, sunlight, and plants |
classify | to organize objects or events into groups based on common characteristics |
foliation | the texture of a metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are aligned like pages of a book |
fossil | the remains or traces of a once-living organism that is preserved in rocks |
strata | layers of sedimentary rock that form from the deposition of sediments |
texture | the sizes, shapes, and positions of the grains in a rock |
element | substance that contains only one type of atom |
cleavage | tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces |
fracture | tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces |
ore | rocks that contain enough mineral to be mined for a profit |
magma | molten rock inside the Earth |
lava | molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface |
igneous rock | rock formed from the cooling of molten rock |