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APES Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Average Residence Time | The average amount of time a particle spends in a particular system |
| Biosphere | zone of the earth where life is found |
| Biota | the animal or plant life |
| open system | a type of system in which exchanges of mass or energy occur with other systems. |
| closed system | a system in which there are definite boundaries to factors such as mass and energy |
| doubling time | the time necessary for a quantity of whatever being measured to double |
| ecosystem | a community of plants, animals, and micro organisms that are linked by energy and nutrient flows |
| biotic | living components |
| abiotic | the nonliving components |
| environmental growth | growth at a constant percentage |
| feedback | a reaction response |
| negative feedback | occurs when the result of a process influences the operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes |
| positive feedback | a process in which the effects of a small disturbance on a system include an increase in the magnitude of the perturbation |
| Gaia hypothesis | theory about the life processes on earth |
| lag time | the time between the application of the current and rupture of the circuit with the detonator |
| overshoot and collapse | "boom and bust" pattern of activity |
| steady state | condition of stability in a system |
| dynamic equilibrium | a state of balance achieved by two forces in motion |
| system | an assemblage or combination of things or parts |
| uniformitarian | one who believes in the principles of any number of aspects and/or assumptions |
| linear growth | population growth which is modeled by adding a fixed amount each time period |
| residence time | average amount of time that a particle spends in a particular system |
| biogeochemical cycle | the flow of chemical elements and compound between living organisms and the environment |
| carbon-silicate cycle | the levels of carbon in the atmosphere become regulated to keep the surface temperature around |
| carbon cycle | combined biochemical cycles of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. carbon combines with and is chemically and biologically linked with the cycles of oxygen and hydrogen that form the major compounds of life |
| chemical reaction | process involving changed to substances- changes the molecular composition of a substance |
| denitrification | the conversion of nitrate to molecular nitrogen by the action of bacteria – an important step in the nitrogen cycle. |
| nitrification | Nitrification is the process carried out by specialized bacteria in which ammonium is converted to nitrite and then nitrate. |
| drainage basic | the area drained by a river and all its tributaries |
| geologic cycle | a continuous cycle in which rocks are created |
| water cycle | continuous movement of water |
| limiting factor | the single requirement for growth available in the least supplement in comparison to the need of an organism |
| macronutrients | elements required in large amounts by living things |
| micronutrients | elements required in very small amounts by living things |
| missing carbon sink | a natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores some carbon through the biosphere |
| nitrogen cycle | moving nitrogen through the biosphere |
| nitrogen fixation | the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia, nitrate ion or amino acid |
| phosphorus cycle | major biogeochemical cycle involving the movement of phosphorus throughout the biosphere and lithosphere |
| oxygen cycle | movement of oxygen |
| plate tectonics | a model of global tectonics that suggest that the outer layer of the earth is composed of several large plates that move |
| sulfur cycle | movement of sulfur to and from living systems |
| calcium cycle | movement of calcium through living and nonliving systems |
| tectonic cycle | relates to larger crucial features such as mountain belts |
| convergent plate boundary | boundary between 2 lithosphere plates in which one plate goes below the other |
| divergent plate boundary | characterized by the production of new lithosphere |
| transform fault boundary | break in the earth's crust where two plates slide past each other |
| core | the inner most part of the earth |
| mantle | below the crust above the core |
| crust | outer most later of rock |
| rock cycle | continuous cycle in which rocks are created |
| metamorphic rock | undergone chemical or structural changed |
| sedimentary | made up of loose sediment |
| igneous rock | formed from magma |
| photosynthesis | synthesis of sugars from carbon dioxide and water by living organisms using light and energy |
| respiration | chemical reaction that makes energy available |
| aerobic | living occurring in the presence of oxygen |
| anaerobic | living with out oxygen |
| species | basic units of biological classification |
Created by:
hclester
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