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Antibx:- translation

USMLE Step 1

DrugMOA & ADRs
Antibxs that act on the 50s subunit cHLORAMPHENICOL, eRYTHROMYCIN, cLINDAMYCIN (note CEC mneumonic for 50s inhibitors)
Antibxs that act on the 30s subunit tETRACYCLINE, aMINOGLYCOSIDES (note TA mneumonic for 30s inhibitors)
Aminoglycosides MOA:bind the 30s subunit of the ribosome=- initial steps in protein syn & cause misreading of mRNA code,req O2-dep transport across membranes of the bacterium,so only work in aerobic gram negs,dont cross BBB;ADRs:strongly ototoxic,nephrotoxic,neurotoxic
Tetracyclines MOA:bind 30s subunit of ribosome,block acceptor site for incoming aminoacyl tRNA=no aa's available for protein syn & thus protein syn -,broad spectrum,includes minocycline & doxycycline
Chloramphenicol MOA:bind 50s subunit of ribosome,physically blocking action of peptidyl transferase that forms peptide bond b/t aa's,good broad spectrum coverage esp vs aerobes;ADRs:very toxic,- P450,bone marrow toxic,aplastic anemia,grey baby syndrome
Erythromycin MOA:bind 50s subunit of ribosome,blocks translocation so doesnt allow 4 peptide bond formation,macrolide along w/ azithromycin & clarithromycin,DOC in penicillin allergic pts,macrolides are DOC for Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Clindamycin MOA:binds to 50s subunit of the ribosome,DOC for anaerobic infections that occur above the diaphragm
Lectin (act on eukaryotic ribosomes, no clinical use) MOA: acts on 40/60s ribosomes and inhibits initiation
Cycloheximide (act on eukaryotic ribosomes, no clinical use) MOA: acts on 60s ribosome and inhibits the peptidyl transferase
Diphtheria toxin (act on eukaryotic ribosomes, no clinical use) MOA: acts on 60s ribosome and inhibits the elongation factor
Puromycin (act on eukaryotic ribosomes, no clinical use) MOA: incorporated into peptide chain -> premature chain termination in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Examples of aminoglycosides Amikacin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin
Created by: jerrica_08
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