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8th Science 3 (9W)
Ch. 1-3 (9 weeks)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The largest group of mineral, which compose over 90% of the earth's crust, are the | silicates |
| The layer of solid rock below the soil is | bedrock |
| The rarest, most durable and most beautiful minerals are | precious stones |
| substances that are found naturally in the earth and have a crystalline structure are | minerals |
| a theory that has never been proven false is a | law |
| chemical sediments that result from the evaporation of water are | evaporites |
| a well-known chemical sedimentary rock is | limestone |
| a soil substance composed of decayed organisms' particles is | humus |
| the most famous measure of earthquake strength, which rates earthquakes on a scale of 1 to 10 is the | Richter magnitude scale |
| rocks that have a smooth, glasslike texture are | amorphous |
| Which earthquake zone includes the San Andreas Fault | circum-Pacific belt |
| the metal that is more valuable than gold or silver is | platinum |
| hard, round structures that form when minerals settle out of water and crystalize around a sand grain or other mineral fragment are called | concretions |
| the measure of the pull of gravity on an object is | weight |
| the group on which a test is performed is called the | experimental group |
| a volcano that will probably not erupt again is called | extinct |
| Beryl that has a deep green color is | emerald |
| The third step in the scientific method is | formulate a hypothesis |
| The inner core of the earth is thought to be | solid |
| A metal mixture of iron and carbon is | steel |
| Brass is an alloy of ? and ? | copper and zinc |
| mining that uses a rotating drum that travels down a long track while grinding coal is called | longwall mining |
| Crystals are generally characterized by many flat surfaces called | faces |
| The most basic unit of matter is the | atom |
| About 80% of the world's earthquakes occur in | circum-Pacific belt |
| The breakdown of organisms is known as | decomposition |
| Any piece of solid volcanic ejecta is a | pyroclast |
| type of rock formed when magma solidifies | igneous rock |
| type of rock formed when deposits of sand and mineral fragments are cemented together | sedimentary rock |
| type of rock formed when preexisting rocks are altered by heat or pressure | metamorphic rock |
| any mineral that contains a valuable metallic element | ore |
| The branch of geology that deals with the identification and classification of minerals is | mineralogy |
| the bending or buckling of rocks under great force produces | fold |
| Aluminum is refined from the common mineral | bauxite |
| the most abundant metal in the earth's crust is | aluminum |
| the type of soil that contains a mixture of sand, silt, clay and humus is | loam |
| The change of one type of rock into a new type of rock is | metamorphism |
| The number that compares an object's density to the density of water is called | specific gravity |
| The study of soil is | pedology |
| The hardest naturally occurring known substance is | diamond |
| A mineral that remains glowing after being exposed to ultraviolet light and then placed in the dark exhibits | phosphorescence |
| The most common element in the earth's crust is | oxygen |
| A "self-pumping" well is a | artesian well |
| a substance with a pH of 10 would be | basic |
| the most common of all igneous rocks | basalt |
| igneous rock with a smooth, glasslike texture; known as "volcanic glass" | obsidian |
| the most common sedimentary rock | shale |
| rock that consists of smooth pebbles embedded in hardened sand or clay | conglomerate rock |
| an organic sedimentary rock that is also called a fossil fuel | coal |
| what term refers to the way light is reflected from the surface of a mineral crystal | luster |
| what do mineralogists call an element that occurs naturally in its pure form, uncombined with other elements | native element |
| What is a single layer of sedimentary rock called | stratum |
| What nutrient makes a plant's fruits "firm up" properly | phosphorus |
| What is another name for a bar of refined gold | bullion |
| what is an alloy of iron, carbon, and nickel or chromium | stainless steel |
| What are geometric structures composed of atoms or molecules in an orderly arrangement | crystals |
| Name the narrow zone of active volcanoes that nearly encircles the Pacific basin | Ring of Fire |
| What type of lava has a smooth texture with a "ropy" apperance | pahoehoe |
| what mineral test leaves a line of powder on a plate | streak test |
| What are the upper layers of the ground stripped away by surface mining called | overburdening |
| what is the name for a substance that is composed of only one type of atom | element |
| earthquake waves that vibrate at right angles to the direction of wave travel | S waves |
| point at which an earthquake begins | focus |
| weak earthquake | tremor |
| fastest earthquake waves | P waves |
| term for small earthquakes that follow an earthquake for days or even months | aftershock |
| rocks on either side of a fault spring back to a position of little or no strain | elastic rebound |
| giant sea waves | tsunamis |
| instrument that records and studies the vibrations from an earthquake | seismograph |
| point on the earth's surface directly above where an earthquake began | epicenter |
Created by:
Harrison83
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