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Anti-psychotics
USMLE Step 1
Drug | MOA & ADRs |
---|---|
Chlorpromazine | MOA:phenothiazine that blocks DA receptors in the brain and periphery,also - Ch (muscarinic)/alpha-adrenergic/H1 receptors, rarely used due to its intense ADRs;ADRs:extrapyramidal sxs,tardive dyskinesia,neuroleptic malignant syndome |
Fluphenazine | MOA:most potent block DA receptors in the brain & the periphery that has less anti-ACh effects;ADRs:increased extrapyramidal effects,tardive dyskinesia,neuroleptic malignant syndome |
Haloperidol | MOA:most potent butyrophenone that blocks DA receptors in the brain & periphery,has little adrenergic or muscarinic activity;ADRs:extrapyramidal effects are high,tardive dyskinesia,neuroleptic malignant syndome |
Droperidol | MOA:butyrophenone that blocks DA receptors in the brain & periphery,has little adrenergic or muscarinic activity;ADRs:extrapyramidal effects are high,tardive dyskinesia,neuroleptic malignant syndome |
Clozapine | MOA:block DA receptors in brain & periphery as well as 5-HT,reserved 4 severe disease b/c its so toxic,fewer extra pyramidal effects carries lower risk of tardive dyskinesia;ADRs:bone marrow suppression,extrapyramidal sxs,neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
Risperidone | MOA: block DA receptors in the brain & periphery as well as 5-HT,atypical antipsychotic,one of common 1st line drugs for the tx of psychosis;ADRs:extrapyramidal sxs,tardive dyskinesia,neuroleptic malignant syndome |
Antipsychotics | Uses:antiemetic b/c - D2 receptors in medulla,tranquilizers;ADRs:antimuscarinic cause blurred vision,xerostomia,sedation,confusion,constipation & urinary retention,also cause orthostatic hypoTN,poikilothermia,increased prolactin release,some tolerance |