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Bowie's Drug list
| Drugs | Gp (M),For,SE,(Mx) |
|---|---|
| Dilantin | Phenytoin Gp: Anticonvulsants / Antiepileptics SE: Anemia, confusion, 牙齦增生 (gingival enlargement), black stool |
| Lasix | Frusemide Gp: Loop diuretics 去水丸 (inhibit Na/K/Cl co-transport) for: edema SE: Fluid & electrolyte imbalance. Hypokalemia, hyponatremia 低鉀低鈉症 |
| Norvasc | Amlodipine Gp: Ca channel blocker For: antihypertensive (block Ca , reduce impluse to heart, contraction reduce) SE: headache, Dizziness, hypotension |
| Diltiazem | Herbesser Gp: Ca channel blocker, Class III For: antihypertensive, block Ca, reduce impluse to heart , reduce contration SE: headache , dizziness, hypotension |
| Adalat Retard [ADA __] | Nifedipine SR [拉花大平] [ADA 拉花] Gp: Ca channel blocker For: HP & angina SE: liver disease, CHF, not with alcohol |
| Isoptin 我梳平 | Verpamil [V哇怕毛] Gp: Ca channel blocker For: HP & angina SE: liver disease, CHF, not with alcohol |
| Capoten | Captopril Gp: ACEI For: HT, diabetic nephropathy (reduce Na and H20 retention) SE: Hypotension, Hyperkalemia, dry cough, rash |
| Zestril | Lisinopril 你先囉吊 Gp: ACEI For: HT, diabetic nephropathy (reduce Na and H20 retention) SE: Hypotension, Hyperkalemia, dry cough, rash |
| Acertil | Perindopril Gp: ACEI For: HT, diabetic nephropathy (reduce Na and H20 retention) SE: Hypotension, Hyperkalemia, dry cough, rash |
| Hydralazine | Trade name: Apresoline Gp: Direct Vasodilator (act on SM ) SE: Orthostatic hypotension, Fluid retension, Tachycardia |
| Minipress | Prazosin Gp: Alpha blocker For: HT SE: Postural hypotension, Dizziness, drowsiness, headache |
| Hytrin | Terazosin Gp: Alpha blocker For: HT SE: Postural hypotension, Dizziness, drowsiness, headache |
| Tenormin | Atenolol Gp: Beta blocker For: HT SE: Braycardia, Hypotention, Bronchospasm |
| Betaloc | Metoprolol Gp: Beta blocker For: HT SE: Braycardia, Hypotention, Bronchospasm |
| Inderal [內在的internal] | Propranolol [內在的internal pro pan] Gp: Beta blocker For: HT SE: Braycardia, Hypotention, Bronchospasm |
| Timolol | Timolol Gp: Beta blocker For: HT SE: Braycardia, Hypotention, Bronchospasm |
| Aldomet | Methyldopa Gp: Adrenergic Centrally Acting Agent For: reduce impulse to sympathetic nerve to heart SE:Drowsiness, Hepatotoxicity Remarks: X with MAOI, no postural hypertension problem |
| Digoxin | Trade : Lanxin Gp: Positive inotropic drugs For: CHF, cardiac arrest Remarks*: monitor apical P>60 |
| Dopamine | Gp: Positive inotropic drugs For: CHF, cardiac arrest Remarks*: monitor apical P>60 |
| Dobutamine | Trade: Doutrex (IV) Gp: Positive inotropic drugs For: CHF, cardiac arrest Remarks*: monitor apical P>60 |
| Amiodarone | Trade: Cardarone Gp: Potassium blocker ( reduce AV conduction) For: arrhythmia / fibrillation SE: visual impairment, photosensitivity |
| Heparin | GP: anticoagulants (IV/SC) 薄血藥 For: blood clot disorders, 加入blood specimen for 防止凝血 SE: prolong bleeding Remakes: 1. monitor clotting profile 2. observe GI bleeding (stool for occult blood ) 3. prevent injury 4. withhold prior surgery |
| Warfarin | Trade: Marevan (PO) Gp: anticoagulant (Vit K Blocker) For: Venous thromosis, pulmonary embolism SE: hemorrahage, Jaundice, Hepatic dsyfunction Remakes: 1. monitor INR * >2要俾warfarin 2. observe GI bleeding 3. withhold prior surgery * with LOW vit K |
| Cartia | Trade: Aspirin SR Gp: Antiplatelet drug For: fever, pain , inflammation, MI and stroke (TIA) SE: prolong bleeding, haemorrage Remakes: 1. monitor clotting profile 2. observe GI bleeding 4. withhold prior surgery |
| Plavix | Clopidogrel Gp: Antiplatelet drug For: fever, pain , inflammation, MI and stroke (TIA) SE: prolong bleeding, haemorrage Remakes: 1. monitor clotting profile 2. observe GI bleeding (stool for occult blood ) 3. prevent injury 4. withhold prior surg |
| Ventolin | Salbutamol (PO/INH/IV) (short acting) Gp: Beta 2 seletive agonist For: relief bronchospasm, reduce airway resistance SE: Tachycardia, palpitation 心悸, |
| Atrovent | Ipratropium bromide ( 我怕嘈死人 煲埋) (short acting) (INH) gp: anticholinergics For: asthma, COPD SE: Tachycardia, palpitation 心悸, |
| Piriton | Chlopheniramide (PO) Gp: antihistamine For: allergic reaction SE: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, |
| Fluimucil | Acetylcysteine Gp: Mucolytic 化痰 For: liquefy secretion , break bond in mucus SE: Bronchospasm 支氣管痙攣, rhinorrhea 流涕 |
| Bisolvon | Bromhexine Gp: Mucolytic For: liquefy secretion , break bond in mucus SE: Bronchospasm 支氣管痙攣, rhinorrhea 流涕 |
| MES | Mist Expectorant Stimulant 俗稱馬尿 (ammonia and Ipecacuanha Mixture) Gp: Productive cough stimulant(食左之後咳得仲多, 幫你咳走D 痰) For: 有痰, 想咳出黎 cough and cold SE:nausea and vomiting |
| BE | Benadryl Expectorant (Diphenhydramine compound) Gp: Antitussives 止咳藥 Fpr: cough and cold SE:nausea and vomiting |
| CaCo3 +Mag | Mylanta Gp: Antacid + neutralize acid SE: consti[ation for Magnesium |
| Mag Tri | Magnesium Trisilicate Gp: Antacid + neutralize gastric acid for : stomachache SE: constipation for Magnesium |
| NaHCO3 | gaviscon 嘉胃斯康 Gp: Antacid + neutralize gastric acid for : stomachache SE: Belching, constipation, hypercalcaemia |
| Pepcidine | Famotidine (PO/IV) Gp: H2 receptor blocker in parietal cells of stomach For: peptic ulcer SE: dizziness, headache, confusion |
| Zantac | 善胃得 (Ranitidine) Gp: H2 receptor blocker in parietal cells of stomach For: peptic ulcer SE: dizziness, headache, confusion |
| Nexium | Esomeprazole Gp: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) For: peptic ulcer SE: dizziness, headache, confusion |
| Losec | Omeprazole Gp: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) For: peptic ulcer SE: dizziness, headache, confusion |
| Dulcolax | Bisacodyl (PO/PR) Gp: Stimulant laxatives For: constipation SE: Prolonged electrolyte imbalabce *Remarks: do not give oral dose within 1 hr of milk/antacid (dissolution of drugs) |
| Senna | Senokot / Sennosides Gp: Stimulant laxatives For: constipation SE: Prolonged electrolyte imbalabce |
| Fleet | Trade: Enema (PR) Gp: Osmotic Laxatives For: chronic constipation SE: dizziness headache confusion, Prolonged electrolyte imbalabace: hypo*calcemia,hypo*kalemia, Hyper* Na *Remarks: diet with restriction of Na |
| Lactulose | Gp: Osmotic Laxatives For: constipation SE: dizziness headache confusion, Prolonged electrolyte imbalabace: hypo*calcemia,hypo*kalemia, Hyper* Na *Remarks: diet with restriction of Na |
| Metformin | Glucophage Gp; Biguanides For: Type I DM SE: lactic acidosis (小心acute renal failure) reduce Vit B12 not with alcohol |
| Hydrocortisone | Gp: Steroids For: anti-inflammatory drug SE: osteoporosis Remarks: step down before withdrawal avoid to use in systemic fungi infection |
| Prednisolone | Gp: Steroids For: anti-inflammatory drug SE: osteoporosis Remarks: step down before withdrawal avoid to use in systemic fungi infection |
| Xanax | Alprazolam (DDA drug!) Gp: antidepressant drug For: anxiety SE: Dependance, withdrawal , tolerate, hallucination |
| Sinemet | Levodopa + Carbidopa (inhibit peripheral DDC, prevent levodopa convert to dopamine before crossing BBB) Gp: Dopamine Precusor+PDDC inhibitor For: Parkinsonism SE:red urine, on-off effect, choeriform syndrome |
| Panadol | Paracetamol / Acetaminophen Gp: Non-opioid analgestics For: reduce pain and fever SE: hepatotoxicity Remarks: Max dose: 500mg x 8 in a day Anti-dose: Fluimucil (Acetylcysteine) |
| Celebrex | Celecoxib Gp: NSAID For: reduce pain,fever, inflammation SE: GI bleeding, salt and fluid retention, renal impairment |
| DF118 | Dihydrocodeine tartrate Gp: Opioid analgestics For: CNS acting relief pain SE: Addiciton, Tolerance |
| Morphine | Gp: Opioid analgestics For: CNS acting relief pain SE: respiratory depression, sedation, confusion,. Addiciton, Tolerance |
| Tramadol | Trade name: Tramal For: CNS acting relief pain SE: dizziness, headache, confusion,. Addiciton, Tolerance |
| Thiamine | Vit B1 Gp: Electrolytes supplement For: alcholism, liver disorder |
| Slow K | Potassium Chloride (KCL) Gp: electrolyte supplement For: Hypo* Kalemia SE: renal impairment |
| Resonium C (with Ca) | 去鉀藥 For: Hyper* Kalemia SE: renal impairment remarks: PO:好易塞R/T, 因為好杰, 要逐D 咁俾 PR: 將1.5g 粉入100ml 啡樽水, 抽syringe用adaptor 加KY,入rectum |
| Actrapid | Insulin Gp: Short acting DM drug For: Type I DM |
| Protaphane | Insulin Gp: Intermediate acting DM drug For: Type I DM |
| Mixtard 30/70 | 30% actrapid + 70% protaphane Gp: DM drug For: Type I DM |
| Amoxil | Amoxycilin Gp: ABX - Penicillins Action: inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis SE: rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, drug fever, allergy |
| Augmentin | Amoxycillin + Clavulanic acid Gp: ABX - Penicillins Action: inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis SE: rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, drug fever, allergy |
| Tazocin | Piperacillin + Tazobactam Gp: ABX - Penicillins Action: inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis SE: rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, drug fever, allergy |
| Timentin | Ticarcillin + Clavulanic aicd Gp: ABX - Penicillins Action: inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis SE: rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, drug fever, allergy |
| Zincacef | Cefuroxime Gp: ABX - Cephalosporins SE:rash, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting (rare), allergy, serum sickness, vaginal candidiasis |
| Tienam | Imipenem + Cilastatin Gp: ABX- Carbapenem SE:diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, headache, rash, liver toxicity, eosinophilia (elevated white blood cells) |
| Meropenem | Trade: Meronem Gp: ABX- Carbapenem SE:diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, headache, rash, liver toxicity, eosinophilia (elevated white blood cells) |
| Teracycline | Trade: Achromycin Gp: ABX-Tetracyclines SE: nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal pain, tooth discoloration in children < 8 years, liver toxicity |
| Amikacin | Amikin Gp: ABX - Aminoglycosides SE: renal (kidney) toxicity, ototoxicity (hearing loss), dizziness, nausea/vomiting, nystagmus 眼球震颤 |
| Gentamicin | Garamycin Gp: ABX - Aminoglycosides SE: renal (kidney) toxicity, ototoxicity (hearing loss), dizziness, nausea/vomiting, nystagmus 眼球震颤 |
| Streptomycin | For TB bacteria Gp: ABX - Aminoglycosides SE: renal (kidney) toxicity, ototoxicity (hearing loss), dizziness, nausea/vomiting, nystagmus 眼球震颤 |
| Azithromycin | Zithromax Gp: ABX - Macrolides SE: abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea/vomiting |
| Clarithromycin (Clara 嗌 thro 買先) | Klacid 基酸 GP: ABX - Macrolides SE: abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, taste alterations (clarithromycin) |
| Erythromycin | Erythrocin GP: ABX - Macrolides SE: abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea/vomiting |
| Levofloxacin 尼奧放曬先 | Cravit GP: Fluoroquinolones SE: nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, lethargy, insomnia, photosensitivity (can be severe) [唔好曬太陽] |
| Ciprofloxacin | Ciproxin GP: Fluoroquinolones SE: nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, lethargy, insomnia, photosensitivity (can be severe) [唔好曬太陽] |
| Vancomycin | Vancocin Gp: Glycopeptides SE: red man syndrome (flushing, hypotension, itching); phlebitis; telavancin: taste alteration, nausea/vomiting, headache, dizziness [IV infusion over 60 mins can slove] |
| Clindamycin | Dalacin C Gp: Others SE: pseudomembranous colitis (may be severe) [ >8 weeks 肚瀉], diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, rash, hypersensitivity, jaundice (clindamycin) |
| Metronidazole (咪嘈leader 數(錢)) | Flagyl Gp: Other SE:nausea/vomiting, dizziness, headache, vaginal candidiasis, metallic taste,may discolor urine red-brown |
| Hydrochorothiazide | Gp: Thiazide Diuretics For: edema M: inhibit Na/Cl in distal tubule SE: Hypo*Kalemia, Hypo*natremia, metabolic alkalosis |
| Ethambutol | EMB-fatol Gp: Drug for TB ( attack bacterial cell wall ) For: TB SE: convulsion, Vit B6 deficiency, Hepatotoxcity, Remarks: take with food , monitor liver function |
| Holopon 好啦啵 | Hyosine methobromide Gp: antispasmodics + alter gut motility For: 抗腸抽筋 SE: allergy, urine retention |
| Losartan 老沙田 | Cozaar 高沙 GP: Angiotensin II receptor blocker M: inhibit AII -> lower fluid retention , vasoconstriction For: Hypertension SE: Renal failure ! |
| Zocor | Simvastatin Gp: Lipid-lowing drug For: 降血脂藥, if high LDL found SE: hepatotoxicity |
| Epilim (app pi 連) | Sodium valproate Gp: anticoncvulsants (for neuromuscular ) For: 抗抽筋藥 SE: unsusal movements, hair loss |
| Phensedyl | Promethazine Gp: Cough center suppressants in medulla oblongata SE: Nausea, constipation For: non-productive cough |
| Aminophyline | Gp: Bronchodilator -- Methylxanthines M: 1. inhibit PED, in^ cAMP => relaxing bronchial smooth muscle 2. inhibit adenosine =>reduce constriction For: Asthma / bronchospassm SE: Tradycardia, nervousness, restlessness / Insomia |
| Theophyline [theo飛線漏奶] | Neuline 漏奶 Gp: Bronchodilator -- Methylxanthines M: 1. inhibit PED, in^ cAMP => relaxing bronchial smooth muscle 2. inhibit adenosine =>reduce constriction For: Asthma / bronchospassm SE: Tradycardia, nervousness, restlessness / Insomia |
| Becloforte 250mcg/dose(必可復) Becotide 50mcg/dose | Beclomethasone 必可米花鬆 Gp: steroid for asthma M: reduce inflammatory response SE: insomnia, peptic ulcer, fat, muscle wasting, poor wound healing Remarks: 最後先噴, 噴完要洗口!! |
| Seretide | = Salmeterol (b2 agoinst) + Fluticasone (steroid) Gp: steroid for asthma M: reduce inflammatory response SE: insomnia, peptic ulcer, fat, muscle wasting, poor wound healing Remarks: 最後先噴, 噴完要洗口!! |
| Fluoxetine 富豪填田 | Prozac M:block reuptakes of 5HT SE: Fewer anticholinergic effects, little sedation and weight gain Nausea, diarrhoea, sedation, insomnia, anxiety, agitation, fits Wider margin of safety in overdose REMARKS:Equally effective with TCAs |
| Synalar cream | Fluocinolone (-nolone / nonide) Gp: Topical steriods x anti-inflammation M: 大白咬前列腺 SE: atrophy, acneiform eruptions Insomnia, peptic ulcer, fat gain, muscle wasting, osteoporosis,poor wound healing |
| Dorzolamide | 多數黎買 (報紙) [-zolamide = CAI] Group: Miotic - Carbonic Anhydease inhibitor (CAI) For: constrict pupil, treat glaucoma M: recuce humor produced by CA-II. Increase the aqueous outflow , decrease (intraocular pressure) |
| Brimonidine | 病毛你定 Gp: alpha-2 receptor agoinst M: activate alpha-2 receptor in ciliary body => reduce aqueous humor production |
| Pilocarpine | 飄囉車片 Gp: Miotic -Muscarinic agoinst SE: no spasm caused Remarks: half active as physotigmine |
| physotigmine | 快數的明 An alkaloid from the seeds of the physostigma venemosa plant For: Miotic M:Decrease intra-ocular pressure (i.o.p.) in glaucoma SE:Spasm may last for 2-3 hours Remarks:Partially reverse the dilatation by atropine |
| Latanoprost | -prost (poster : prostaglandin analog / prostamide] Group : Miotics M: reduce aqueous inflow - vasoconstriction in ciliary body in^ queous outflow - dilation of aqueous veins |
| Dipivefrine | 地匹褔林 Gp: Mydriatics - alpha.beta agoinst M: Converted to adrenaline Reduces aqueous inflow – vasoconstriction in ciliary body Increases outflow – dilation of aqueous and episcleral veins |
| Midazolam | Dormicum For: short term sedation SE: bronchospam, hypotension Gp: Benzodiazepam SE: bronchospam (spo2 mon) ,hypotension, |
| Diazepam | Valium For: long term sedation SE: resipatory depression, lactic acidosis, acur tubular necrosis |
| Zyrtec | Cetirizine hydrochloride 10mg daily Gp: antihistamine (H1 receptor blocker) For: allergic reaction e.g. urticaria SE: Drowsiness, Dry mouth, headache |
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