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rad info 3
standards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| why do we need standards | 1. interoperability 2. comparability |
| what in interoperability | the ability to exchange information |
| what are the levels of interoperability | 1. basic 2. functional 3. semantic |
| what does the basic level of interoperability do | allow messages to be exchanged between computer and systems |
| what does functional level of interoperability do | describes the standard syntax of the message |
| what does syntax mean | format |
| what does semantic level of interoperability do | requires use of standard vocabularies within the message |
| what is comparability | 1. it is the ability to ascertain the equivalence of data from different sources 2. ensures the meaning of the data is consistent when shared among different parties |
| what are codes | uniquely identifies terms |
| what are classifications | it groups related terms |
| what is vocabulary | specialised, precise terms that remove ambiguity |
| name the 4 types of standards | 1. systems 2. messaging 3. vocabulary 4. security |
| examples of a systems standard | HL-7, ASTM and DICOM |
| 2 types of interfaces of systems standard | 1. customised interface 2. interface engine |
| what is a customised interface | customised interface is specifically tailored for communications between 2 computers |
| what in an interface engine | general purpose communication link |
| interface belongs to a class of software known as | middleware |
| middleware is also known as | message brokers |
| how does interface engine work | incorporate message definition and manaagement tools and built in support for standard and common protocols |
| why are messaging standards essential | 1. enables communication and sharing of consumer healthcare information between disparate systems without customised interfaces 2. enable building of & access to EHR through exchange of information in a consistent non-proprietary manner |
| examples of messaging stnadards | HL-7 and DICOM |
| vocabulary standards requires | the use of controlled terminologies |
| examples of vocabulary standards | SNOMED-CT |
| what is SNOMED-CT | Systemised Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Term |
| what are 4 categories of vocabularies | 1. diagnosis 2. procedure & suppliers 3. diseases 4. Comprehensive Vocabularies |
| example of diagnosis vocabulary | LOINC |
| what is LOINC | Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes |
| example of procedures and suppliers vocabulary | CPT |
| what is CPT | Current Procedural Terminoloy |
| example of diseases vocabulary | ICD-10 |
| what is ICD-10 | International Classification of Diseases and Related Problems Version 10 |
| example of comprehensive vocabularies | SNOMED-CT |
| what id the definition of SNOMED-CT | a comprehensive clinical terminology that provides clinical content for clinical documentation and reporting |
| how does SNOMED-CT works | it provides a standard for clinical information by coding, retrieving and analysing data |
| SNOMED -CT is managed by | HTSDO |
| what is HTSDO | Health Terminology Standards Development Organization |
| definition of LOINC | facilitates exchange of results data by providing a universal standard for identifying laboratory observations |
| why do we need LOINC | to identify observations in HL-7 called OBX segments |
| what is OBX-3 | observation identifier |
| what if obx-5 | observation value |
| the ICD-10 is published by | World Health Organization (WHO) |
| definition of ICD-10 | a international standard diagnostic classification and is for all general epidemiological, many management purposes and clinical use |
| what does ICD-10 do | the system is designed to promote international comparability in collection, processing, classification and presentation of morbidity and mortality statistics |
| what are the 3 major areas that security standards cover | 1. authentication 2. access 3. containment |
| why is security standards necessary | it is required to identify necessary practices to maintain the confidentiality, integration and appropriate availability of health information |
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