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Coldiron Final

6th grade - Jones

TermDefinition
Responding Variable A variable that will change as a result of the change in the manipulated variable.
Fossil The preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the remote past.
Original horizontality States that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally under the action of gravity.
Law of superposition A general law stating that in any sequence of sediments or rocks that has not been overturned, the youngest sediments or rocks are at the top of the sequence and the oldest are at the bottom.
Geologic Time Scale A system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy to time, and is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships between events that have occurred throughou
Relative Age The geologic age of a fossil organism, rock, or geologic feature or event defined relative to other organisms, rocks, or features or events rather than in terms of years.
Uniformitarianism The assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe.
Index fossil Used to define and identify geologic periods.
Volcano An opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface.
Mass Movement The geomorphic process by which soil, sand, regolith, and rock move downslope typically as a mass, largely under the force of gravity, but frequently affected by water and water content as in
Continental Drift The movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other by appearing to drift across the ocean bed.
Erosion The process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by exogenetic processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations.
Plate Tectonics The lithosphere of the earth is divided into a small number of plates which float on and travel independently over the mantle and much of the earth's seismic activity occurs at the boundaries of these plates.
Magma A mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solids[1] that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets.
Metamorphic rock Arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form".
Mineral A naturally occurring substance that is solid and stable at room temperature, representable by a chemical formula, usually abiogenic, and has an ordered atomilec structure.
Mantle A part of a terrestrial planet or other rocky body large enough to have differentiation by density.
Rock cycle A fundamental concept in geology that describes the dynamic transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
Sedimentary Rock Types of rock that are formed by the deposition of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.
Soil A natural body consisting of layers that are primarily composed of minerals, mixed with at least some organic matter.
Coal A combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
Weathering The breaking down of rocks, soils and minerals as well as artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, biota and waters.
Deposition Material (like sediment) being added to a landform.
Igneous rock One of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock.
Renewable resource A natural resource which can replenish with the passage of time, either through biological reproduction or other naturally recurring processes.
Nonrenewable resource A resource that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human timeframes. An example is carbon-based, organically-derived fuel.
Water Cycle Describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.
Current A continuous, directed movement of ocean water generated by the forces acting upon this mean flow.
Condensation The change of the physical state of matter from gaseous phase into liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization.
Tide The rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth.
Precipitation Rain, sleet, hail, snow and other forms of water falling from the sky.
Evaporation A type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase.
Tornado A violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud.
Convection current The transfer of heat by the mass movement of heated particles into an area of cooler fluid.
Air mass A volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content.
Astronomy A natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects (such as moons, planets, stars, nebulae, and galaxies).
Big Bang Theory A cosmological theory holding that the universe originated approximately 20 billion years ago from the violent explosion of a very small agglomeration of matter of extremely high density and temperature.
Rotation The act or process of turning around a center or an axis: the axial rotation of the earth.
Revolution The time taken by a celestial body to make a complete round in its orbit.
Created by: jnnorris
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