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Chpt 18 Vocab

Federal Court Systems

QuestionAnswer
Inferior Courts The courts that are beneath the Supreme Court.
Jurisdiction The authority for a court to try and decide a case.
Exclusive jurisdiction Cases only heard in the federal courts.
Concurrent Jurisdiction Both the state and federal courts have the power to try cases.
Plaintiff the person who files suit
Defendant The person whom the charges are against
Original Jurisdiction The power a court has to hear a case first before any other court.
Appellate Jurisdiction The authority of a court to review decisions of inferior (lower) courts.
Criminal Cases A case in which a defendant is tried for committing a rime as defined by the law.
Civil Case A case involving a noncriminal matter such as divorce or contract dispute.
Docket A list of cases to be heard.
Writ of Certiorari An order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for review
Certificate A method of putting a case before the Supreme Court; used when a lower court is not clear about the procedure or rule of law that should apply in a case and asks the Supreme Court to certify the answer to a specific question
Majority Opinion Officially called the Opinion of the Court; announces the Court’s decision in a case and sets out the reasoning upon which it is based.
Precedents Court decision that stands as an example to be followed in future, similar cases
Concurring Opinion Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a majority of the court, but wish to add or emphasize a point that was not made in the majority decision.
Dissenting Opinion Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who disagree with (dissent from) a decision reached by a majority of the court.
Redress Satisfaction of a claim payment.
Courts Martial A court composed of military personnel, for the trial of those accused of violating military law.
Civil Tribunal A court operating as part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment.
Created by: sweeks13
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