Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #125491
Chemo
| Generic | Trade | What It Is! | Use, dose, SE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Busulfan | Myleran, Busulfex for IV | Nitrogen Mustard, Alkylating agent. More specifically an alkylsulfonate. Used to be standard for for cml but imitinib is now. Used moswtly aas a conditioning drug. | Increases UA. Decreased emesis. 4-8mg/day |
| Chlorambucil | Leukeran | Nitrogen mustard, alkylating agent. Replaced by fludarabine. | 1st line for CLL. Low emetic potential. Se myleosuppression. Low ep. |
| Cyclophosphamide | Cytoxan | n mustard. Most widely used po/parenteral alkylating agent. Prodrug to phosphoramide and acroleinformed only in cells with low aldh content, therefore low toxicity. Acrolein is a bladder toxin requiring mesna. | breast, ovary, prostate, lung, transplant. Can be used for RA. SE siadh,hemorrhagic cystitis. |
| Ifosfamide | Ifex, IFX | n mustard. Analog to CTX. | 3rd line for testicle, also for lung, lymphomas, sarcomas. Greater formation of acrolein. SE neurotoxicity. Mild ep. |
| Mechlorethamine, mustine | mustargen, hn2. Estramustine has estrogen combo. | n mustard. Prototype anticancer chemo. Use gave birth to field of cancer chemo. | hodgkin’s. Part of MOPP. Unstable, use within 15 minutes |
| melphalan | alkeran, l-pam | L phenyalanine derivative of mechlorethamine/mustargen. | lymphomas, breast and ovarian ca, mm. Limited ep. |
| thiotepa | thioplex | n mustard in use for 50 years. | bladder, combo for breast. Myelosuppression. |
| Carmustine iv only | BiCNU, gliadel wafers | nitrosoureas. lipid soluble for cns. | cns. BM may take 6 weeks for recovery. |
| lomustine. po | CeeNU, CCNU | nitrosourea. "C" in pcv. lipid soluble for cns. | cns. leukopenia may be dalayed till 5 weeks. high ep |
| streptozocin | zanosar | nitrosourea | islets of langerhans |
| altretamine | hexalen | platinum per Cody. Not a first line drug but used for salvage therapy. alkylating agent in unique class. | persistent, recurrent ovary. 50mg capsules. |
| carboplatin | paraplatin, CBDCA | analog of cisplatin | head, neck, lung, ovary. Cleared renally but more effficiently than cisplat. Much less SE than cisplat but decreased effect as well (use 4:1) .More myelolsuppression. Concentrated in tubules so more renal toxicity. Effectiveness inc by incubating with NaC |
| cisplatin | platinol, DDP | platinum | testicle, ovary, lung, head, neck. Admixed in nacl ? (cody) or goes to inactive form. Anemia more than any other chemo. Dose related neprhotoxicity. Amifostine to prevent kidney damage. 100mg/meter squared q 4 weeks.No tx to prevent ototoxicity. |
| dacarbazine | DTIC-Dome | unknown moa. Long hx of use in mg melanoma | melanomas, hodgkins, sarcomas. Severe NV. |
| procarbazine | matulane | Moa unknown. Alkylating agent. Part of MOPP, PCV. | hodgkins, other lymphomas. Disulfiram reaction. MAOI. Inhibits Cyp450. |
| oxaplatin | eloxatin | platinum | used with 5fu, leucovorin as FOLFOX for colorectal. Less ototox, nephrotox than other platinums. |
| temozolomide | temodar | Prodrug to MTIC. Derivative of dacarbazine. | Anaplastic astrocytoma.Genotoxic, teratogenic, fetotoxic. |
| daunorubicin | cerubidine, daunoxome (liposomal) | abx,anthracylcine. | leukemias, mg melanoma. liposomal prolongs serum concentration, greater tumor penetration. Lifetime dose 550mg.meter squared. Cardiotoxic, hair loss, anorexia, stomatitis. 30-60 mg/msq for 5 days. |
| doxorubicin | adriamycin, doxil (liposomal) | abx, acyc. Derivative of daunorubicin (and there are over 2,000 derivatives of doxo to date). | leukemias, mg melanomas, breast, ovary. Less cardiotox than daunorubicin. aka red devil. |
| idarubicin | idamycin, daunoxome (liposomal) | abx, acyc | leukemias, mg melanoma, |
| mitoxantrone | novantrone | abx, acyc | refractory acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, aml |
| dexrazoxane | zinecard | iron chelator | reduse cardiotoxicity of acyc’s |
| epirubicin | ellence | abx acyc | like doxorubicin (leukemia, mg melanoma, breast, ovary) but less SE. |
| valrubicin | valstar | doxorubicin analog | directly into bladder |
| bleomycin | blenoxane | Family of structurally related glycosylated linear non-ribosomal peptides from a species of streptomyces. Acts by inducing dna stand breaks. | hodgkin’s and non hodgkin’s, testicle, head and neck, squamos cell, and plantar warts. Part of abvd. Most serious SE is pulmonary fibrosis. |
| dactinomycin | cosmegen, actinomycin-D | A class of polypeptide abx from streptomyces. One of the older chemo's, | pediatric tumors, mtx resistant in women. Mainly used as investigational tool to inhibit transcription. SE n/v (rapid), mucositis and BMD |
| mitomycin | mutamycin, mitomycin-C | Natural azridine containing product from Streptomyces. Is a potent dna crosslinker. | superficial bladder, backup for 5fu in colorectal, gi. SE delayed bmt so given at 6 weekly intervals. |
| methotrexate | amethopterin, mtx | folic acid antag. | lymphocytic leukemia, lymphomas, solid tumors, RA, psoriasis, asthma, abortion induction. High dose 1gm/msq causes Irreversible BMS/GI mucosal damage in 48 hours if rescue not used. Anemia, neutropenia, n/v, dermatitis. Penicillin C/I. |
| aminopterin, 4 amino analog of folic acid | ? | fa antag. Intro in 47 but hard to mfg so emphasis switched to mtx. Due to purer preparations, may be safer and superior to mtx. | add psoriasis. |
| cytarabine, Ara-C | cytosar, ara-C Depocyt (liposomal) | guanine antimetabolite. It is a cytosine arabinoside | aml, backbone of induction chemo. Cerebellar toxic-unique. 100-200mg/msq IV continuously for 5 days. Dose related myelosup., conjuctivitis. |
| capecitabine | xeloda | purine antimetabolite | prodrug to 5fu |
| fludarabine | fludara, po and iv | purine antimetabolite. Inhibits dna synthesis. Close to cytarabine. Purine analog. | CLL. 25mg/msq oover 30 min for 5 days. Each course q 28 days. Well tolerated which is good considering most pts are >50. SE profound lymphopenia...co-trimoxazole/pentamidine for pneumocystis prophylaxis. |
| gemcitibine | gemzar | nucleoside (pyrimidine) antimetabolite. 2002. | pancreas, lung. 1gm/msq over 30 min q week for seven weeks. Not debillitating. Grade 3-4 Neutropenia. |
| flourouracil, 5fu | adrucil, Efudez (topical) | pyrimidine antimetabolite. | breast, colon, head and neck. 12mg/kg/day for 4 days then 6mg qod. SE leukopenia, anemia, throbocytopenia, mucositis. N uncommon. Usu given with leucovorin. Topical for actinic keratoses, some basal cells. |
| mercaptopurine, 6-MP | purinethol | antimetabolite. | ALL, granulocytic leukemia. 2.5mg/kg. Myelosuppression get TPMT deficiency test. Weekly blood counts. |
| clofarabine | clolar | purine antimetabolite | pediatric relapsed all |
| cladribine, 2CDA | leustatin | purine antimetabolite. | hairy cell leukemia. 50% no SE. 0.09mg/kg/day for 7 days. SE fever. |
| pentostatin | nipent | purine antimetabolite. From Streptomyces. | interferon refractory hairy cell leukemia. |
| vincristine, leurocristine. | oncovin | vinca alkaloid. Binds tubulin. | blood. SE peripheral neuropathy. |
| vinorelbine | navelbine | vinca alkaloid. Binds tubulin. | lung. Myelosuppression. |
| vinblastine | velban | vinca alkaloid | testicle |
| etoposide | vepesid | topo-II inhibitor (prevents mitosis). From popdophyllum (mayapple). | lymphoma, lung, testicle, karposi’s. SE leukopenia, bruising, bleeding, n/v, mucositis. |
| teniposide | vumon IV | topo II? podophyllotoxin (mayapple). | pediatric leukemia. SE dec wbc 1-2 weeks after. |
| paclitaxel | taxol | taxane, frozen mitosis-stops mitosis. | lung, ovary, breast |
| docetaxel | taxotere | semi-synthetic taxol, frozen mitosis | relapsed or advanced breast |
| topotecan | hycamtin | topo-I inhibitor causing single strand breaks in dna. Camptothecin derived from chinese "happy tree". | metastatic ovary, small cell lung failing cisplatin. SE neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia. |
| irinotecan, CPT II | camptosar | topo-I inhibitor. Camptothecin from chinese "happy tree". | metastatic colon, rectal |
| trastuzumab | herceptin | mab that binds to hers. $72k for 1 year tx. | metastatic breast. SE cardio, 10% stop. |
| rituximab | rituxan | mab for cd20 antigen. | standard with CHOP for relapsed or refractory low grade or follicular cd20 positive b-cell non-hodgkin’s. Used in renal transplants. |
| aspariginase | elspar | causes degeneration of asparagine which is necessary for leukemia cell growth | all. 20-30% hypersensitive so give small test dose. |
| hydroxyurea | hydrea | impairs dna synthesisthrough inhibition of ribonucletide reductase | cytoreduction of leukemic cells |
| tamoxifen | nolvadex | antiestrogenic | breast |
| mesna | ? | binds and detoxifies acrolein metabolites of ifosfamide and cytoxan | chemoprotective |
| amifostine | ? | gets metabolized to active sulfhydryl form capable of bindingelectrophillic metabolites fromdna-binding anticancer agents or ionizing radiation | chemoprotective |
Created by:
stankus
Popular Pharmacology sets