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Muscular System

Chapter 9

QuestionAnswer
Provides Mobility, Movement and Heat Muscular System
Z-line AKA ___________ Z-disc
Surrounded by epimysium and _____________ Deep Fascia
Muscle cells are specialized for __________ Contraction
Fibers ____________ to produce movement Shorten
Made of ______________ Connective tissue (tendons) Dense fibrous
Continuation of _______________ that covers the muscle Deep Fascia
Special name for the cell membrane of a m. cell Sarcolemma
Sarcoplasm Special name for cytoplasm of a muscle cell
Filled with myofibrils Sarcoplasm
Contains Myofilaments Sarcoplasm
Anchor muscle to bone and other muscle Tendons
Merges with the periostem to anchor to bone Tendons
Includes Skeletal Muscles but NOT Cardiac or Smooth muscle Muscular System
Fibers are bundled into _______________ Fascicles
Fascicles are surrounded by _____________ Perimysium
Actin AKA _____________ Thin Filaments
Myosin AKA __________________ Thick Filaments
Protein that anchors myosin to the Z-line Titin
Thin contractile proteins that interact with myosin Actin
Thicker contractile proteins Myosin
Actin forms a ___________ with myosin Cross-bridge
Inhibitory proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed Troponin and Tropomyosin
Attach to actin and block myosin from forming a cross-bridge Troponin and Tropomyosin
Motor end plate and Synaptic knob are AKA ___________ Axon Terminal
ACh = ___________________ Acetylcholine
The cell membrane of the muscle fiber Acetylcholine
ACh attaches to ___________ in the sarcolemma Receptors
ACh causes _______ impulse in the sarcolemma Electrical
Cholinesterase __________________ ACh Deactivates
Synaptic cleft AKA __________ Synapse
The junction between the axon terminal and the muscle fiber sarcolemma Synapse
Enlarged end of the motor neuron Axon terminal
Tubes that allow signals to travel into the cell T-Tubules
ER of the muscle cell Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Stores calcium ions Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
nerve impulse causes release of ACh from the axon terminal Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Ca+ released from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum binds to troponin and tropomyosin and actin is exposed contraction
Myosin Binds to Actin Contraction
Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments Contraction
Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments Called __________________ Sliding Filament
Where the muscle originates Origin
The thick part of the muscle Belly
Opposite end of the origin Insertion
Across at least one joint from the origin usually Insertion
This determines what action is taken Insertion
Some muscles have more than one belly that we call ________ Heads
The movement a muscle causes when it contracts Action
The primary muscle that brings about desired movement Prime mover
Prime mover AKA ____________ Protagonist
The muscle that does the opposite of the prime mover Antagonist
Secondary muscle that brings about the desired movement Synergist
Assist the prime mover muscle Synergist
Heat production from the normal muscle metabolism Thermogenesis
Chemical reaction and Friction Thermogenesis
Increased with increased activity Thermogenesis
Maximus Largest
Minimus Smallest
Major Large
Minor Small
Longus Long
Brevis Short
Deltoid Triangular
Rhomboid Diamond shaped
sarratus Sawtoothed
Trapezius Trapezoid
Pectoralis chest
brachio upper arm
radialis radius b.
gluteus buttocks
femoris femur
Sterno sternum
Cleido Clavicle
Mastoid Mastoid Process
Digiti Fingers and Toes
Pollicis Thumb
Hallicus Big toe
Lateralis Lateral ( side)
Medialis Medial (midline)
Intermedius Middle (in between)
Profundus Deep
Superficialis Superficial
BIceps 2 heads
TRIceps 3heads
QUADriceps 4 heads
Rectus Straight
Transverse Sideways/across
Oblique Diagonal
Adductor Adducts
Abductor Abducts
Flexor Flexes
Extender Extends
Levator Elevates
Frontalis eye brows
orbicularis oculi squinting
masseter chewing
temporalis chewing
Orbicularis oris Kissing muscle
external oblique vomiting
internaloblque posture
rectus abdominis bending
deltiod rotates arm
pectoralis flexes upper arm
serratus anterior reaching
trapezius raises and lowers shoulders
latissimus doris Adducts humerus
brachialis flexes forearm
biceps brachii flexes elbow
triceps brachii extends forearm
brachioradialis help flex forearm
iliopsoas flexes thigh
sartorius flexion of hip
adductor muscles rotate thigh
quadriceps femoris knee extention
hamstring flex knee rotate hip rotate leg
Gluteus medius abducts and rotates thigh
gluteus maximus back swing of leg
Created by: Stacey Mayo
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