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Muscular System
Chapter 9
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Provides Mobility, Movement and Heat | Muscular System |
Z-line AKA ___________ | Z-disc |
Surrounded by epimysium and _____________ | Deep Fascia |
Muscle cells are specialized for __________ | Contraction |
Fibers ____________ to produce movement | Shorten |
Made of ______________ Connective tissue (tendons) | Dense fibrous |
Continuation of _______________ that covers the muscle | Deep Fascia |
Special name for the cell membrane of a m. cell | Sarcolemma |
Sarcoplasm | Special name for cytoplasm of a muscle cell |
Filled with myofibrils | Sarcoplasm |
Contains Myofilaments | Sarcoplasm |
Anchor muscle to bone and other muscle | Tendons |
Merges with the periostem to anchor to bone | Tendons |
Includes Skeletal Muscles but NOT Cardiac or Smooth muscle | Muscular System |
Fibers are bundled into _______________ | Fascicles |
Fascicles are surrounded by _____________ | Perimysium |
Actin AKA _____________ | Thin Filaments |
Myosin AKA __________________ | Thick Filaments |
Protein that anchors myosin to the Z-line | Titin |
Thin contractile proteins that interact with myosin | Actin |
Thicker contractile proteins | Myosin |
Actin forms a ___________ with myosin | Cross-bridge |
Inhibitory proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed | Troponin and Tropomyosin |
Attach to actin and block myosin from forming a cross-bridge | Troponin and Tropomyosin |
Motor end plate and Synaptic knob are AKA ___________ | Axon Terminal |
ACh = ___________________ | Acetylcholine |
The cell membrane of the muscle fiber | Acetylcholine |
ACh attaches to ___________ in the sarcolemma | Receptors |
ACh causes _______ impulse in the sarcolemma | Electrical |
Cholinesterase __________________ ACh | Deactivates |
Synaptic cleft AKA __________ | Synapse |
The junction between the axon terminal and the muscle fiber sarcolemma | Synapse |
Enlarged end of the motor neuron | Axon terminal |
Tubes that allow signals to travel into the cell | T-Tubules |
ER of the muscle cell | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
Stores calcium ions | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
nerve impulse causes release of ACh from the axon terminal | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
Ca+ released from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum binds to troponin and tropomyosin and actin is exposed | contraction |
Myosin Binds to Actin | Contraction |
Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments | Contraction |
Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments Called __________________ | Sliding Filament |
Where the muscle originates | Origin |
The thick part of the muscle | Belly |
Opposite end of the origin | Insertion |
Across at least one joint from the origin usually | Insertion |
This determines what action is taken | Insertion |
Some muscles have more than one belly that we call ________ | Heads |
The movement a muscle causes when it contracts | Action |
The primary muscle that brings about desired movement | Prime mover |
Prime mover AKA ____________ | Protagonist |
The muscle that does the opposite of the prime mover | Antagonist |
Secondary muscle that brings about the desired movement | Synergist |
Assist the prime mover muscle | Synergist |
Heat production from the normal muscle metabolism | Thermogenesis |
Chemical reaction and Friction | Thermogenesis |
Increased with increased activity | Thermogenesis |
Maximus | Largest |
Minimus | Smallest |
Major | Large |
Minor | Small |
Longus | Long |
Brevis | Short |
Deltoid | Triangular |
Rhomboid | Diamond shaped |
sarratus | Sawtoothed |
Trapezius | Trapezoid |
Pectoralis | chest |
brachio | upper arm |
radialis | radius b. |
gluteus | buttocks |
femoris | femur |
Sterno | sternum |
Cleido | Clavicle |
Mastoid | Mastoid Process |
Digiti | Fingers and Toes |
Pollicis | Thumb |
Hallicus | Big toe |
Lateralis | Lateral ( side) |
Medialis | Medial (midline) |
Intermedius | Middle (in between) |
Profundus | Deep |
Superficialis | Superficial |
BIceps | 2 heads |
TRIceps | 3heads |
QUADriceps | 4 heads |
Rectus | Straight |
Transverse | Sideways/across |
Oblique | Diagonal |
Adductor | Adducts |
Abductor | Abducts |
Flexor | Flexes |
Extender | Extends |
Levator | Elevates |
Frontalis | eye brows |
orbicularis oculi | squinting |
masseter | chewing |
temporalis | chewing |
Orbicularis oris | Kissing muscle |
external oblique | vomiting |
internaloblque | posture |
rectus abdominis | bending |
deltiod | rotates arm |
pectoralis | flexes upper arm |
serratus anterior | reaching |
trapezius | raises and lowers shoulders |
latissimus doris | Adducts humerus |
brachialis | flexes forearm |
biceps brachii | flexes elbow |
triceps brachii | extends forearm |
brachioradialis | help flex forearm |
iliopsoas | flexes thigh |
sartorius | flexion of hip |
adductor muscles | rotate thigh |
quadriceps femoris | knee extention |
hamstring | flex knee rotate hip rotate leg |
Gluteus medius | abducts and rotates thigh |
gluteus maximus | back swing of leg |