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Carp115KeyEnviron
Prepare yourself for the environment section of the Keystone Exam.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In order from smallest to largest, list the levels of ecological organization. | organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere |
| What term applies to any individual living creature? | organism |
| What term applies to a group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time? | population |
| What term applies to a group of organisms or populations of different species occupying a particular area? | community |
| What term applies to a system that includes all biotic and abiotic factors functioning together in a particular area? | ecosystem |
| What term applies to a major ecological community of organisms adapted to a particular climatic or environmental condition on a geographical area? | biome |
| What term applies to the part of the Earth where living things exist? | biosphere |
| What term applies to any living or once living thing in a given area? | biotic |
| What term applies to something that has never or will never live? | abiotic |
| Are bacteria biotic or abiotic? | biotic |
| Are plants biotic or abiotic? | biotic |
| Is mold biotic or abiotic? | biotic |
| Is air biotic or abiotic? | abiotic |
| Is water biotic or abiotic? | abiotic |
| Are rocks biotic or abiotic? | abiotic |
| Is feces biotic or abiotic? | biotic |
| Are bones biotic or abiotic? | biotic |
| is the pH of the soil biotic or abiotic? | abiotic |
| What term applies to a feeding hierarchy in which organisms in an ecosystem are grouped into trophic levels and are shown in succession to represent the flow of food energy? | food chain |
| What term applies to a depiction of many food chains linked together to show a more accurate model of possible feeding relationships in an ecosystem? | food web |
| What term applies to a graphical model that is shaped like a pyramid to show how the energy flows through a food chain, how the amount of energy decreases at each level, and how much energy is lost between each level? | energy pyramid |
| What term applies to a long term relationship between two different species? | symbiosis |
| What are the five main types of symbiosis? | Competition Mutualism Commensalism Predation Parasitism |
| What term applies to a symbiotic relationship between or among living things for resources such as food, water, shelter, etc? | competition |
| Two male lions fighting for a mate, is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship? | competition |
| A blue jay fighting a robin for a worm. What type of symbiotic relationship is this example? | competition |
| What term applies to a symbiotic relationship were both species rely on one another for nutrients, protection and other life functions? | mutualism |
| E. coli living in a human's intestines is an example of what symbiotic relationship? | mutualism |
| An oxpecker bird cleans the teeth of a hippopotamus and gets food in return. What type of symbiotic relationship is this? | mutualism |
| What term applies to a symbiotic relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed not helped? | commensalism |
| Orchids live in the upper branches of trees. The orchids gain more sunlight by being high in trees, while the tree gains nothing nor is it harmed. What type of symbiotic relationship is this? | commensalism |
| What term applies to a symbiotic relationship between two species in which one of them acts as a predator that captures and feeds on another? | Predation |
| A owl eating a mouse is an example of what symbiotic relationship? | predation |
| A Venus fly trap capturing a fly is an example of what type symbiosis? | predation |
| What term applies to a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits at the expense of another without killing it? | parasitism |
| A tick feeding on a dog is an example of what type of symbiosis? | parasitism |
| A tapeworm inside of a human is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship? | parasitism |
| In a parasitic relationship, the organism that feeds is called? | parasite |
| In a parasitic relationship, the organism that gets fed upon is called? | host |
| What energy source is the driving force of the water cycle? | sun |
| What processes in the water cycle does sunlight cause to happen? | evaporation transpiration |
| After evaporation occurs and the water vapor condenses, what is formed? | clouds |
| What is the process of forming clouds called? | condensation |
| What process occurs when clouds move from areas of warm temperatures to area of cold temperatures? | precipitation |
| What are four forms of precipitation? | rain snow hail sleet |
| What is the process of water being pulled underground by gravity called? | seepage |
| Water that is pulled underground is called? | groundwater |
| Water that moves downhill across the top of the ground is called? | runoff |
| The process of liquid water becoming water vapor is known as? | evaporation |
| What is the term for water evaporating from leaves of plants known as? | transpiration |
| The key events of the carbon cycle are complimentary to each other. What are the two key parts of the carbon cycle? | cell respiration photosynthesis |
| What process takes carbohydrates and oxygen to combine them and produce carbon dioxide, water and usable energy for the organism? | cell respiration |
| What process takes carbon dioxide, water and sunlight and produces carbohydrates? | photosynthesis |
| What are the two chief reservoirs for carbon dioxide in the carbon cycle? | oceans rocks |
| What substance easily dissolves carbon dioxide? | water |
| What process removes soil and rock from the Earth's surface by wind or water flow releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere? | erosion |
| What rock tends to release the most carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by erosion? | limestone (calcium carbonate) |
| Where do animals gain all the carbon that they use for building the body? | from the food they eat |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats another organism for energy? | heterotroph |
| What term is applied to an organism that can produce their own food through the photosynthetic process? | autotroph |
| What two process returns carbon found in organic substances back to the atmosphere? | combustion cell respiration |
| Coal, natural gas and oil are all forms of what carbon-rich organic material? | fossil fuels |
| Nitrogen is critical for producing which macromolecule? | proteins |
| What percent of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen? | 78% |
| What two ways can nitrogen be taken from the atmosphere so it can be used by organisms? | lightning nitrogen fixation by bacteria |
| What form of nitrogen does lightning produce? | nitrate - nitrogen with three oxygens attached |
| What type of chemical does nitrogen fixing bacteria use to break down atmospheric nitrogen, so that it doesn't use large amounts of energy? | enzymes |
| What type of organisms are capable of using nitrates and making it into amino acids? | plants |
| Where do animals acquire all their amino acids? | from the food they eat |
| What happens to the nitrogen found in plants when they die? | it returns to the soil through decomposition |
| How do animals return nitrogen back to the soil? | feces and urine |
| What form of nitrogen do bacteria return to the soil? | ammonia |
| What is the growth rate of organisms with unlimited resources? | exponential growth rate |
| When do exponential growth rates tend to occur? | new environments during transient, favorable conditions |
| What event usually stops population growth? | resource (food, water, shelter) depletion |
| What term is applied to the slowing or stopping of the population growth rate? | logistic growth |
| What is the population size at which growth stops called? | carrying capacity |
| What term is applied to the condition when the birth rate and death rate are equal within a population? | carrying capacity |
| Can any population growth without limitations? | NO |
| What term is applied to an organism that produces its own food? | producer autotroph |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats only producers? | herbivore |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats only animals? | carnivore |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats both plants and animals? | omnivores |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats dead organisms? | decomposer |
| What term is applied to an organism that eats dead wastes? | dentrivore |
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carp115
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