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F.O.N
addictive personality
| facts | |
|---|---|
| elements to addiction | excessive use or abuse display of psychological disturbances decline of social & economic function uncontrollable consumption indicating dependence |
| personality traits | low-stress tolerance dependency negative self-image feeling of insecurity depresion |
| psychoactive drugs make user feel good | |
| social use creates | relaxed atmosphere encourages people to share & be more open |
| 3 diseases of dependency | chronic incurable progressive |
| 3 stages of a progressive disease | early middle late |
| early stage includes | increased drug tolerance strong denial defends drug use to family more socialized with users increased tardiness or call offs from work/school possible legal problems good prognosis for recovery even w/o treatment program |
| health experience in early stages | insomnia anxiety cramps heart palpitations changes in sexual libido accidental injury |
| common drug users feels | attitude mood swings low-self esteem shame or guilt remorse resentment irritability |
| middle stage includes | uses are moderately impaired tries to decrease or stop(heavier user) abstinence brings s&s of withdrawal use to feel normal establish pattern of use weakens family/friend relationship physical heath decline job loss legal problems need treatment |
| middle stage behavior | arguing lying stealing incest physical abuse child neglect social isolation multiple use progress to late stage faster |
| common problems in the middle stage | wt changes GI problems suicide attempts blackouts sexual problems STD accidental injury overdose |
| Late stage includes | severe impairment in all areas of function continual use to avoid emotional/physical pain(normalcy) poor problem solving/judgment neglects hygiene manipulative(denies problems) unemployed/homeless must receive treatment |
| medical problems in late stage | malnutrition liver disease pancreatitis toxic psychosis kidney failure sexual impotence stroke |
| late stage IV users | risk for HIV hepatitis B&C septicemia(infection n blood) abscess infection endocarditis(lining of heart) |
| alcoholism | is a nation problem |
| things the contribute to alcoholism | inner urge controlled by nervous systems dysfunction of the endocrine system uses for copying mechanism |
| ethology/pathophysiology | CNS depressant affects higher center of the brain including the frontal cortex which gives self control judgment is blocked but memory/pleasure is obtained affect the limbic system(primitive part of the brain, regulates hunger, thirst & sexual desires |
| repeated alcohol use affects the basal ganglia of the brain | unbalance compulsion controls leading to obsessive-compulsive behavior rapid lg quality consumption acute alcohol poisoning(death) |
| active ingredient in alcohol is | ethyl |
| alcohol does not require digestion | absorbed in stomach & intestine 90% metabolized n the liver |
| alcohol has diuretic effect | |
| urine of heavy drinkers contain(body getting rid of ?) | increase amounts potassium magnesium & zinc |
| alcohol prolong use has a effect in the mucosa(lining of the intestine | decrease absorption of thiamine(vit B folic acid, vit B12) |
| alcohol does not convert to sugar(glycogen) | provides 200kal no minerals or vitamins |
| alcohol blood level in most states | .08% (depends on alcohol & size) |
| Fatal alcohol syndrome(FAS) | maternal use of 3 oz daily(abnormal results common in new born |
| FAS birth defects | mental retardation growth disorder wide-set eyes malformation of the body parts(calf lip or pallet) spontaneous abortion or stillbirth |
| alcohol withdrawal syndrome | developed physiologic dependence & tries to guits |
| signs and symptoms od alcohol withdrawal syndrome | mild tremors(6-48Hrs after last drink) flulike symptoms nausea & vomiting severe agitation hallucinations diaphoresis(sweat) tachycardia(fast heart rate) HTN(high B/P) |
| associated w/cessation( trying to stop) Alcohol withdrawal syndrome | anorexia restlessness disorientation hallucination seizures(12-24hrs after cessation) usually Grand mal |
| Delirium Tremors(DT's) | complication of alcohol withdrawal results from excessive withdrawal death 15% even after treatment |
| signs & symptoms of DT ( occur 1-2 days after cessation last 2days-week) | tremors increase activity to point of agitation disorientation hallucinations fear with appearance of panic elevated temp |
| Korsakoff's psychosis(syndrome) | brain disorder in chronic alcoholics |
| Korsakoff's psychosis(syndrome) signs & symptoms | short term memory disorientation muttering delirium insomnia hallucinations polyneuritis painful extremities w/ foot drop affecting gait |
| Wernicke's encephalopathy | occurs in association w/ thiamine deficiency causing brain damage in the temporal lobes |
| sign & symptoms of Wernicke's encephalopathy | memory loss aphasia involuntary eye movement double vision lack of muscle coordination disorientation w/ confabulation (loss of thought) |
| health disorders associated w/ alcoholism | gastrointestinal GI hepatic cardiovascular/blood disorder musculoskeletal neurologic |
| different types of drug abuse | illegal drugs(club, street, rave) prescription over the counter meds |
| CNS depressants | alcohol sedatives hypnotic meds opioids analgesics |
| sedative-hypnotic drugs | barbiturates benzodiazepine minor tranquilizers |
| sign/symptoms of CNS disorder | decreased respirations passiveness/listlessness heaviness in extremities pinpoint pupils(opioids) reduced hunger/thirst reduced sexual drive memory loss slurred speech nausea/vomiting ataxic gait(staggering) nod state |
| barbiturates ( used n 20th century) | for sedative, hypnotic, anesthetic/anticonvulsant effect |
| problematic side effects of barbiturates | respiratory depression rapid tolerance dependency sudden withdrawal-seizures/status, epilepticus |
| different kinds of barbiturates | flurazepam(Dalmane) chlordiazepoxide (Libruim) diazepam (Valium) alprazolam(Xanax) flunitazepam (Rohynal)- club drug GHB (gamma hydroxybutrate)-club drug |
| diazepam (Valium) | 6th most prescribed anti-anxiety |
| alprazolam (Xanax) | treat acute anxiety |
| flunitrazepam (Rohynol) | date rape(club drug) easily mix n drinks alcohol increase effects unknowingly consumes odorless/tasteless/colorless works quickly (unconsciousness) muscle relaxation/ amnesia not legal in US |
| GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)club drug | euphoric sedative body building(anabolic effects) odorless/tasteless/colorless synthetic drug(common for the fitness center |
| opioid analgesics facts | made from poppies Hippocrates -poppy's magical pain relieving properties 16th popular med in Europe schedule 1 drug |
| different ways to consume an opioid analgesics | snorting smoking injecting |
| morphine (synthetic derivatives-schedule 2 drug) | orally or inject cough suppressant slows peristalsis un the gut mildly contract the bladder tolerance-develops rapidly abstinence reverses rapidly |
| 3 general types of abusers for morphine | street abuser(illegally) prescribed opioids(middle class adult health care profession's) methadone abuser(chronic pain) |
| Signs/symptoms acute opioid overdose | respiratory depression pinpoint pupils stupor/coma |
| treatment for acute opioid overdose | support of ventilator naloxone(Narcan) clonidine(Catapress)-helps reduce withdrawal symptoms monitor for recurrent toxic symptoms |
| morphine/heroine is consume in | huge amounts |
| withdrawal signs/symptoms(6hrs after last dose)-peaks 2-3 days-subsides 5-10days | flu like symptoms watery eyes dilated pupils gramps diaphoresis HTN body aches runny nose vomiting diarrhea tachycardia chills/fevers cold turkey-comes from gooseflesh common |
| methadone(dolophine)facts | synthetic opioid that helps suppress withdrawal symptoms in morphine/heroine addicts once pt stabilizes decrease daily unit addict is methadone free methadone is sometimes a drug of abuse for former heroine addicts motivation key to success |
| methadone long acting compound(better out come) | levo-alpha-acetylmethadol or LAAM(orlaa m) |
| stimulants | caffeine amphetamines cocaine |
| caffeine facts | present in food/ over the counter meds cold/sinus meds appetite suppressants chemically related to theophylline(COPD) |
| stimulants effects of caffeine | (mid)- typically last 5-7hrs after consumption habitual 5-7 cups per day (can cause withdrawals) |
| signs/symptoms of caffeine withdrawals | headache fatigue irritability |
| commonly consumed food of caffeine (contains moderate-lg amounts) | coffee tea soft drinks |
| stimulants potentially aggravate | anxiety disorder schizophrenia heart conditions |
| nicotine facts | present in tobacco legally sanctioned as a substance abuser smokers declining woman/underage smokers are rising |
| effect of nicotine | increase alertness/conceration appetite suppression vasoconstriction |
| heavy/ persistent smokers quickly develops | tolerance/dependence |
| nicotine switch to oral from of tobacco snuff or chew to reduce | hazards from smoking |
| when heavy nicotine users suddenly stop withdrawal symptoms are | cravings irritability restlessness impatience hostility anxiety confusion difficulty concentrating disturbed sleep increase appetite decreased heart rate |
| nicotine treatment- 70& of people that quick relapse | agents to decrease the dose nicotine nicotine gum transdermal patch nasal spray agents that block reinforcing effects of smoking behavior therapy |
| cocaine facts | white powder used topical, local,& anesthetic vasoconstrictor for some types of surgery EENT |
| Crack Cocaine facts | addiction rapidly inexpensive from of cocaine freebasing method of extracting cocaine cravings persist for months smoke, freebase, snort or possible IV (30se) |
| overdose of cocaine | cardiorespiratory distress seizures hospitalize to stabilize heart abnormalities/protect from suicide amantadine(Symmetrel) serves in treatment for Parkinson's disease to reduce cravings |
| neonates of cocaine addicted mothers | or crack babies need close watch for complications swaddling or wrapping the body, snuggling is often used to comfort keep stimuli such as bright lights, loud noise & excessive handling to a minimum |
| amphetamines facts | popular in club drug methylphenidate (Ritalin) powder that u snort, smoke, inject mixed w/ heroin or marijuana methamphetmine-potent addictive amphetamine powerful release od neurotransmitter dopamine dopamine deletion n brain cause parkinsonian sym |
| effects of amphetamines | brain call damage sometime permanent CNS stimulant is so strong hallucinations/paranoia wt loss/malnutrition from anorexia effect are sometime severe ,cause damage to blood vessel, lead to heart attack or stoke brain damage @ cellar level or sudden d |
| chronic abusers of amphetamines | exhibit flat affect forgetfulness difficulty in concentration due to irreversible brain damage |
Created by:
yetivia
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