3rd 9 weeks review

Question	Answer
I am going to study hard for my test	YES, I love making good grades!
Day of my test	Wed (A-day) Thursday (B-day
Father of Evolution	Charles Darwin
survival of the fittest or best adaptated survive to reproduce	Natural Selection
When a farmer picks the best crops or animals to breed in order to get offspring with the wanted characteristics	Artificial Selection
When one species evolves or changes into more than one species	Speciation
When a physical barrier separates two organisms and they eventually evolve into two species (one type of speciation)	Geographic Isolation
When two organisms are separated due to the time the organism mates, which eventually will result in the evolution of two species (one type of speciation)	Reproductive Isolation
Two types of speciation	Reproductive and Geographic Isolation
Compares the embryos of two organisms to see how genetically similar they are	Embryology
Compares the structure of organisms to compare the similiarities	Anatomy
Compares the chemical makeup of two organsims to see similarities	Biochemistry
Same structure, different function	Homologous Structure
same function, different structure	Analogous Structure
Structure inherited from the parents of the offspring, but often unused	Vestigial Structure
Type of structure that is seen when comparing a bird wing and a bee wing	Analogous structure
Type of structure that is seen when comparing a whale fin to a human arm	Homologous Structure
Type of structure defined by the human appendix, a hipbone on a snake, or eyes on a blind mole rat	Vestigial Structure
When examining a fossil record, where is the oldest fossil	the bottom of the sample
List the levels of classification from BROAD to SPECIFIC	Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
In the levels of classification, what is the level that comes right after class	Order
In the levels of classification, which to levels are used in binomial nomenclatures?	Genus and Species
In the levels of classification, what are the two levels that are used in the scientific name?	Genus and species
In a scientific name, which part come first?	Genus
In the scientific name, what must be done to the genus part?	First, capitalized, underline or italized. It can also be abbreviated to one letter.
When writing the species portion of the scientific name, what do you need to remember?	Second word, lower case.
If two organisms have the same order, what other levels are classification are the same?	Everything before it (Class, Phylum, Kingdom
A type of cell that does NOT contain a true nucleus	Prokaryotic Cell
All the kingdoms that have prokaryotic cells	Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
Type of cell that has a true nucleus and organelles	Eukaryotic
All the kingdoms that are eukaryotic	Everything but bacteria ( Fungus, Protist, Plants, Animals)
Name of an organims that has the ability to produce its own food	Autotroph
Type of organism that can not make its own food, it must comsume food for nutrients	Heterotroph
All the kingdoms that can be heterotrophic	Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Fungus, Protist, Animals
How many words are there in binomial nomenclature?	Two
What is the first word in the scientific name?	Genus
What is the second part to the scientific name?	Species
What is the Genus name of an orgnaism whoes scientific name is Meleca hornis	Meleca
Two main parts of most viruses	Core and capsid
Part of a virus that is usually made of protein	Capsid
Is a virus living or nonliving?	Nonliving, it must have a host to replicate
What do viruses lack that make them nonliving?	They cannot reproduce on their own, they must have a host
a cell which the virus uses to replicate	host cell
What is the first two steps of both the lytic and lysogentic cycles of viruses	attach and inject nucleic acid
injection of a weakend form of a virus that causes your body to produce antibodies to form immunity	vaccination
Medications that can be used to treat a bacterial infection	antibiotics
Variable in an experimant that the experimentor has control over	independent
Variable that the experimentor is looking for, the result of the experiment	Dependent
How do you know how well an antibiotic is working when growing bacteria in a petri dish?	The larger the clear zone around the antibiotic disk, the less bacteria growth
Name of organisms that break down dead organic matter	Decomposer
Purpose of bacteria living on the roots of plants to take nitrogen from the atmosphere and change it into a form that the plant can absorb	Nitrogen Fixation
Kingdom of bacteria that can live in exterme environments	Archaebacteria
Kingdom of bacteria that live in common environments	Eubacteria
Four advantages of bacteria ( How are they helpful?)	Decomposers, Food production, Medicine production, and Nitrogen Fixation
Living environment of most protist	Moist or watery
Type of protist that uses a pseudopod to move ( a pseudopod is a false foot)	Ameoba
Type of protist that uses cilia to move	Paramecium
Long, whip-like appendage on some organisms that help them move	Flagella
Short, hair-like projections used by some organisms to move	Cilia or pillus
Type of protist that uses a flagella to move	Euglena
List some examples of Fungus	Mushrooms, puffball, atheletes foot, yeast
How do fungus get their food?	Heterotrophs that uses enzymes to breakdown the food and then absorb it

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