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Criminal Justice
Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anomie (Durkheim) | the dissociation of the individual from the collective conscience. |
| anomie (Merton) | the contradiction between the cultural goal of achieving wealth and the social structure's inability to provide legitimate institutional means for achieving the goal. |
| anomie (Cohen) | it is caused by the inability of juveniles to achieve status among peers by socially acceptable means. |
| antisocial personalities | Persons characterized by no sense of guilt, no subjective conscience, and no sense of right and wrong. They have difficulty in forming relationships with other people; they cannot empathize with other people. |
| atavist | A person who reverts to a savage type. |
| biological inferiority | According to biological theories, a criminal's innate physiological makeup produces certain physical or genetic characteristics that distinguish criminals from noncriminals. |
| Chicago School | A group of sociologists at the University of Chicago who assumed in their research that delinquent behavior was a product of social disorganization. |
| class struggle | For radical criminologists, the competition among wealthy people and among poor people and between rich people and poor people, which causes crime. |
| classical theory | Enlightenment, based on the assumption that people exercise free will and are thus completely responsible for their actions. (actors weigh the potential pleasure of an action against the possible pain associated with it.) |
| collective conscience | The general sense of morality of the times. |
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rlich186
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