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Chemistry Vocab01
Atoms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electronegativity | A property of an atom which increases with its tendency to attract the electrons of a bond. |
| Atomic Radius | the distance from the atomic nucleus to the outermost stable electron orbital in a atom at equilibrium |
| Metal | A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity. |
| Nonmetal | One of the elements which do not exhibit metallic properties, generally located in the upper righthand corner of the Periodic Table. |
| Metalloid | an element with properties intermediate between those of a metal and nonmetal |
| Halogen | Halogens are reactive nonmetals having seven valence electrons. |
| Alkali Metals | are very reactive chemical species which readily lose their one valence electron to form ionic compounds with nonmetals. |
| Alkaline Earth Metals | any of the divalent electropositive metals beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium |
| Groups | A section is which elements share similar chemical properties |
| Period | Rows of elements |
| First Ionization Energy | the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion |
| Re activity | responsive to stimulation |
| Bohr Model | the structure of the atom, according to which electrons move in orbits around the nucleus |
| Shell | A set of electron orbitals with the same principal quantum number. |
| Orbital | An energy state in the atomic model which describes where an electron will likely be. |
| Primary Quantum Number | A number used when describing the energy levels available to atoms and molecules. |
| Angular Momentum Quantum Number | the quantum number associated with the angular momentum of an atomic electron. |
| Magnetic Quantum Number | the quantum number that identifies different orbitals within a subshell |
| Electron Spin | A property of an electron that is loosely related to its spin about an axis |
| Hunds Rule | every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied |
| Pauli Exclusion Principle | no two electrons can have the identical quantum mechanical state in the same atom. |
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KonnieO
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