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CP: 2
Concepts in Electricity and Magnetisism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are sounds caused by? | Sounds are caused by vibrations |
| How does sound travel? | In Waves |
| Do waves need a medium? | Yes |
| Doppler effect | Sound or light waves are pushed closer together in front of the source of the waves as the source moves. So the pitch of sound is higher in front and lower behind the moving vehicle producing the waves |
| Whats is static electricity? | The buildup of electrons |
| In magnetism like poles do what? | Repel |
| In magnetism different poles do what? | Attract |
| Resonance | Resonance is the amplification of the natural vibration of atoms due to energy such as sound or wind at the same frequency as the natural frequency of the vibration of the atoms. This is the science behind hoe opera singers shatter wine glasses. |
| What does sound travel fastest through? | Sound travels fastest through a solid because the particles of the solid are closest together. Sound is also muffled most by traveling through a solid because quality is lost with each transfer from atom to atom. |
| Wave | Method of energy transfer; a disturbance that repeats regularly in space and time |
| period | the time in which a vibration is completed |
| Herts | SI unit of frequency |
| Wave interference | When two waves meet while traveling along the same medium |
| Transverse waves | medium vibrates perpendicualar to the direction in which the wave is traveling; light and water |
| Longitudinal waves | medium vibrates parallel to the direction in which the wave is traveling; sound is an example |
| Constructive interference | Increases amplitude |
| destructive interference | decreases amplitude |
| Pitch | highness or lowness of a tone related to frequency |
| Infrasonic | frequency too low to be heard by humans |
| ultrasonic | frequency too high to be heard by humans |
| compression | condensed region of the medium |
| Rarefraction | sparse region of the medium |
| Resonance | occurs when natural frequency is matched by some force like a sound wave |
| Electricity | Flow of electrons |
| Conductor | any material with free charges particles that easily flow through it when an electric force acts on them |
| Insulator | lacks free charges particles that easily flow and therefore charge does not easily flow |
| Superconductor | a material with zero resistance to the flow of electric charges |
| Semiconductor | neither a good conductor or insulator in its pure form but with impurities can be turned into an excellent conductor or insulator. (Silicon and geranium) are good semi conductors |
| electrostatics | study of electric charges at rest |
| open circuit | there is a break in the and electrons cannot flow |
| closed circuit | the electrons can flow |
| series circuit | there is only one path for electrons to follow so if there is a break nothing will work |
| parallel circuit | there are multiple paths so if one is broken the current can flow through a different path |
| Lodestone | A natural magnet |
| Electromagnet | a magnet that's field is produced by electric current; usually a coil of wire wrapped around a piece of iron |
| Electromagnetic waves | waves in which the electrical field and the magnetic field are perpendicular to each other |
| Transparent | Allows light to pass through it in straight lines. Glass air and water are all transparent |
| Opaque | absorbs light rather than allows it to pass through. Metals, books, objects |
| Colors of visible light in order | ROYGBIV |
| Amount of electromagnetic spectrum visible light makes up | 1/1,000,000 of 1 percent |
| Reflection | return of light rays from a surface |
| Refraction | bending of light due to change in a medium |
| Diffraction | bending of light as it encounters obstacles in its path. Bending of light not due to reflection or refraction |
| LASER | Light, amplification, Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| Ohms Law | Voltage = current x resistance |
| Series circuit advantages | simple, inexpensive |
| disadvantages of a series circuit | there is only one path for electrons |
| Advantages of a parallel circuit | multiple paths |
| disadvnatages of parallel circuit | more expensive |
| Magnet domains | Atoms form groups of magnetically aligned atoms called domains; aligned domains determine the strength of the magnet. |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | All the types of electromagnetic waves- each type of wave has different wavelength and frequency |
| red + blue light | magenta |
| Red + green light | Yellow |
| Blue + green | Cyan |
| Red + blue + green | White |
Created by:
schlosser65
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