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Abdominal Pain

Abdominal Pain - Treatment - A & E Support (Stack #123699)

QuestionAnswer
Abdominal Pelvic Cavity Contains which 4 Systems ? 1.Gastro - Intestinal. 2.Urinary. 3.Reproductive. 4.Vascular.
Gastro - Intestinal System Contains ? 1.Stomach. 2.Small & Large Bowel. 3.Gall Blader. 4.Liver. 5.Pancreas.
Urinary System Contains ? 1.Kidneys. 2.Ureters. 3.Bladder. 4.Urethra.
Reproductive System Contains ? 1.Ovaries. 2.Fallopian Tubes. 3.Uterus. 4.Prostate (male). 5.Seminal Ducts. 6.Testies.
Vascular System Contains ? 1.Aorta & all its branches. 2.Inferior Vena Cava & all its sources.
Main Causes of Abdominal Pain ? 1.Internal Bleeding. 2.Peptic Ulcer. 3.Diverticus. 4.Kidney Stone (renal colic). 5.Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. 6.Ectopic Pregnancy.
Internal Bleeding ? History of Haematemesis (dark red coffe grounds in stomach,very painfull), Melaema (blood in the feaces) or Profuse PV Bleeding. Causes.
Internal Bleeding Causes ? Patient to be Pale/White, Waxy & Cold. Blood Pressure goes Up, Boarding (hard to the touch) & Guarding (recoils when touched), Rebound Tenderness (pain on removal of touch).
Peptic Ulcer ? A breach in the lining (mucosa) of the digestive tract prodeuced by digestion of the Mucosa by Pepsin & Acid.
Diverticulitis ? Small Blind Pouches in the Intestines leading to Seepage of Faecal matter, Abscesses or Inflammation.
Kidney Stone (Renal Colic) ? 1.Cramp like pain that varies in it's intensity. 2.Stone moves down Ureter & Stretches the Wall. 3.Pain usually in the Side, Raidiating to the Groin. 4.Often with Nausea & Vomiting.
Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm 1 ? (Triple A) 1.A ballon like swelling in the wall of an Artery. 2.Sudden Onset of Severe,Constant Pain that Peaks soon after onset, often will Radiate to Sides or Sholder Blades, 3.Lower Back & Buttocks. 4.Pulsatile mass with decreased femoral pulses(do not touch)
Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm 2 ? (Triple A) 5.Mottled Skin (blue/grey)over Abdomen. 6.Legs Paler in colour to body (less blood getting through). 7.If Dissection occurs, may complain of Tearing Sensation in Abdomen. 8.Hypertension(high blood pressure) & Severe Shock. 9.Breathing & Pulse Rate up.
Ectopic Pregnancy 1 ? 1.This is when the Fotus Develops Outside the Uterine Cavity, most commonly in the Fallopian Tubes. 2.As the Foetus grows it will Rupture the Tube causing Acute Abdominal Pain, Tnederness & signs of Shock.
Ectopic Pregnancy 2 ? Ectopic Pregnancy should be suspected in any woman of child bearing age who presents with the above signs, (always ask women with abdo pain if their is a chance of them being pregnant.
Other types of Abdominal Illness & Injuries ? 1.Peritonitis (Infection of the lining of an Organ). 2.Appendicitis. 3.Bowel Obstruction (whats regular for that person). 4.Gallstones. 5.Blunt & Penetrating Trauma.
History Taking, Correct Managemnet of Abdominal Problems Requires good Assessment of ? 1.Pain: Onset, Duration, Location, Type, Severity, Movement. 2.Mechanism of Injury, if any. 3.History of Problem. 4.Prior Medical History. 5.Associated Symptoms. 6.Physical Assessment. 7.Abdominal Assessment.
Medical History ? 1.Any Underlying Ilness ? 2.Previous Abdominal Surgery ? 3.Any Medication ?
Associated Abdominal Symptoms ? 1.Any Nausea/Vomiting ? 2.Frequency (How many times/often), Taste, Type of Vomit ? 3.Did Pain Occur Before or After Vomit ? 4.Menstrual History? 5.Any Urinary Tract Problems ? 6.Any Changes in Bowel Habits ? 7.Any Chest Pain / Dyspnoea ?
Physical Assessment ? 1.Primary Survey. 2.Patients Position. 3.Degree of Distress. 4.Skin; Sweating, Pallor, Dry. 5.Vital Signs; Hypotension (low blood pressure), Tachycardia or Tachypnoea ? 6.Secondary Survey.
I.P.P.A. ? I - Inspect. P - Palpate. P - Purcuse. A - Ausilate (listen).
Abdomen Assessment ? 1.Expose the Abdomen. 2.Inspect for any Distensions, Scars, Obvious Masses, Pattern Brusing. 3.Listen for Bowels Sounds. 4.Palpate for Tenderness, Guarding or Rigidity. 5.Palpate for Pulsatile Mass (do not press on Palpable mass).
Managemnet of Abdominal Problems 1 ? 1.Safety. 2.Primary Survey. 3.Oxygen Therapy, Be Prepared to Assist Ventilations or CPR (60-100% for triple A) 4.Secondary Survey. 5.Nil By Mouth (incase they need Surgery).
Managemnet of Abdominal Problems 2 ? 6.Anticipate Vomiting. 7.Treat Abdominal Injury. 8.Do not Remove Impailed Objects. 9.Do not Replace Eviscerated Organs, Cover with a Dressing (try to use a warm moist dressing with a dry 1 over the top).
Managemnet of Abdominal Problems 3 ? 10.Constant Observations (RR,BP,PR,Cap refill,Temp, Pain score,AVPU etc. 11.Request Help without Delay if Patient Problem is thought to be Serious. 12.Fowler Position (Sitting with knees curled up), if Conscious. 13.Stable Side Position if Unconscious.
Managemnet of Abdominal Problems 4 ? 14.Anticipate Shock. 15. Consider Entonox. 16.Get Vomit Sample, if safe to do so. 17.Reassurance for Patient/Relatives.
Created by: Paul Wakefield
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