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Chapter 17 Sec 1-3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of the element. |
Nucleus | positively charged center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons and is surrounded by a cloud of electrons |
Proton | particle, composed of quarks inside the nucleus of an atom that has a charge of 1 + |
Neutron | neutral particle composed of quarks inside the nucleus of an atom |
Electron | particles surrounding the center of a n atom that have a charge of 1- |
Quark | particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons |
Electron Cloud | area around the nucleus of an atom where the atom's electrons are most likely to be found |
Atomic Number | total distance an object travels divided by the total time it takes to travel that distance |
mass number | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. |
isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
Average atomic mass | weighted average mass of the mixture of an element's isotopes |
periodic table | organized list of all known elements that are arranged by increasing atomic number and by changes in chemical and physical properties |
group | vertical column in the periodic table |
Electron dot diagram | uses the symbol for an element and dots representing the number of electrons in the element's outer energy level |
Period | horizontal row in the periodic table the are arranged by increasing atomic number and by changes in chemical and physical properties |