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Terms
The Cardiovascular System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
angi/o- | vessel (blood) |
aort/o- | aorta (largest artery) |
arteri/o- | artery |
ather/o- | plaque (fatty substance) |
erythr/o- | red |
hem/o- | blood |
hemat/o- | blood |
leuk/o- | white |
megal/o- | large; abnormal enlargement |
myel/o- | spinal cord; bone marrow |
phleb/o- | vein |
thromb/o- | clot |
ven/o- | vein |
brady- | slow |
tachy- | fast |
trans- | across; through |
-crasia | mixture or blending |
-cytes | cell |
-emia | blood condition |
-gram | record |
-oma | tumor; mass; fluid collection |
-pathy | disease; emotion |
ACE inhibitor | an antihypertensive drug that blocks the formation of angiotensin II in the kidney, leading to relaxation of the arteries |
anemia | A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness. |
aneurysm | An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall. |
angina | 1.A condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by an inadequate blood supply |
angioplasty | Surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel, esp. a coronary artery. |
anticoagulant | Having the effect of retarding or inhibiting the coagulation of the blood. |
aplastic anemia | Deficiency of all types of blood cells caused by failure of bone marrow development. |
arrhythmia | A condition in which the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm. |
atherectomy | a minimally invasive surgical method of removing, mainly, atherosclerosis from a large blood vessel within the body |
atheroma | 1.Degeneration of the walls of the arteries caused by accumulated fatty deposits and scar tissue. |
atherosclerosis | A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls. |
atrial fibrillation | fibrillation of the muscles of the atria of the heart. |
automated external defibrillator | an electronic apparatus used to counteract atrial or ventricular fibrillation by application of a brief electric shock |
beta-blocker | Any of a class of drugs that prevent the stimulation of the adrenergic receptors responsible for increased cardiac action |
blood dyscrasia | any abnormal condition of the blood |
bradycardia | Abnormally slow heart action |
cardiac arrest | A sudden, sometimes temporary, cessation of function of the heart |
cardiac catheterization | the insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the heart |
cardiomyopathy | Chronic disease of the heart muscle |
carotid endarterectomy | a surgical procedure used to prevent stroke |
cholesterol | A compound of the sterol type, C27H45OH, found in most body tissues and important in metabolism |
chronic venous insufficiency | a medical condition where the veins cannot pump enough oxygen-poor blood back to the heart |
coronary thrombosis | A blockage of the flow of blood to the heart, caused by a blood clot in a coronary artery |
defibrillation | The stopping of fibrillation of the heart by administering a controlled electric shock in order to allow restoration of the normal rhythm |
diuretic | Causing increased passing of urine |
electrocardiogram | A record or display of a person's heartbeat produced by electrocardiography |
embolism | Obstruction of an artery, typically by a clot of blood or an air bubble |
embolus | a mass of clotted blood or other material brought by the blood from one vessel and forced into a smaller one |
endocarditis | Inflammation of the endocardium |
erythrocytes | A red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disk without a nucleus |
hemoglobin | A red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates |
hemolytic anemia | anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes |
hemostasis | The stopping of blood flow |
ischemic heart disease | (or myocardial ischaemia) is a disease characterized by ischaemia (reduced blood supply) |
leukemia | a progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow |
leukocytes | white blood cells. They protect the body from disease-causing viruses, bacteria, toxins, parasites, and tumor cells. |
leukopenia | reduction of the number of leukocytes in the blood below about 5000 per cubic mm |
megaloblastic anemia | reduction below normal of the number of erythrocytes, quantity of hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells in the blood; a symptom of various diseases and disorders |
myelodysplastic syndrome | a disease that is associated with decreased production of blood cells |
myocardial infarction | Necrosis of a region of the myocardium caused by an interruption in the supply of blood to the heart, usually as a result of occlusion of a coronary artery |
orthostatic hypotension | an abnormal decrease in blood pressure when a person stands up. This may lead to fainting. |
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia | A period of very rapid and regular heart beats that begins and ends abruptly |
pericardium | the fibroserous sac enclosing the heart and the roots of the great vessels |
pernicious anemia | a disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally formed, due to an inability to absorb vitamin B12 |
phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
Raynaud's phenomenon | Sensitivity of the hands to cold due to spasms of the digital arteries, resulting in blanching and numbness of the fingers. |
septicemia | blood poisoning; systemic disease associated with the presence and persistence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in the blood |
sickle cell anemia | an autosomal dominant type of hemolytic anemia, seen primarily in those of West African descent, and less often in the Mediterranean basin and a few other areas; it is caused by hemoglobin S with abnormal erythrocytes (sickle cells) in the blood |
tachycardia | abnormally rapid heart rate |
thallium stress test | Pharmacologic stress imaging Cardiology A myocardial perfusion technique in which the radionuclide thallium-201–201Tl, is injected as a diagnostic adjunct to cardiac stress tests, to detect regional ischemia or infarction |
thrombocytopenia | an abnormal drop in the number of blood cells involved in forming blood clots. These cells are called platelets. |
thrombolytic | a kind of pharmaceutical that can break up clots blocking the flow of blood to the heart muscle |
thrombosis | Local coagulation or clotting of the blood in a part of the circulatory system |
thrombotic occlusion | Any vascular blockage caused by a thrombus or by thromboembolism |
thrombus | A blood clot formed in situ within the vascular system of the body and impeding blood flow |
transfusion reaction | reaction of the body to a transfusion of blood that is not compatible with its own blood |
valvulitis | Inflammation of the valves of the heart |
varicose veins | veins that have become enlarged and tortuous |
ventricular fibrillation | fibrillation of heart muscles resulting in interference with rhythmic contractions of the ventricles and possibly leading to cardiac arrest |
ventricular tachycardia | fast heart rhythm |