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Resp 13-14
Notes for ABG
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an ABG | it's oxygenated, draw from the artery-radial, bronchial, femoral....Helps differntiate oxygen defiencies from primary metabolic acid-base abnormalities |
| ABG | cornerstone in the diagnosis and management of oxygenation (PaO2) and acid-base (pH and PaCO2) disturbances |
| PaO2 | oxygen in arterial blood |
| Why do we need to know PaO2 | to assess symptims of hypoxemia, determine parameters of oxygen, assess/titrate oxygen therapy, document need of oxygen reimbursment, and to assess/titrate ventilator parameters |
| Why need to know PaCO2 | to assess/titrate ventilation, to assess symptoms of dyspnea, to determine deadspace ventilation |
| Why need to know pH & HO3 | to asses acid/base balance, to categorize acid/base disturbances |
| Allen test | test to the wrist checking for collateral blood flow through the ulnar |
| Normal results for allen test | hand color flushes within 5-7 seconds |
| Alternative methods for checking for collateral blood flow | doppler ultrasound, pulse oximeter |
| ABG contraindications | negative allen test, no ABG through a lesion or distal to a surgical shunt (dialysis) and be caution with pt that take anticoagulants |
| Why choose radial artery? | 1. near the surface and relatively easy to palpate and stabilize 2. collateral circulation, 3. artery is not near and large veins, 4. procedure is relatively pain free |
| What to label on the syringe | date, time, pt name, O2 %, temp if abnormal, and your initials |
| Hazards of ABG | infection, bleeding, and obstruction of the vessel |
| What to document in chart | date, time, document puncture information, and verify sent to lab |
| What does blood gas analyzer directly measure | pH (sanz electrode), PaCO2 (serveringhaus electrode), PaO2 (Clark electrode) |
| What does blood gas analyzer indirectly measure | HCO3, O2 saturation (this is done by calculating from the directly measurements) |
| What does co-oximeter measure | hemoglobin content and values related to hemoglobin binding: SaO2, % COHB , and % methemoglobin |
| What does the blood gas machine accuracy depend on | 1.accurately measuring barometric pressure 2. properly calibrating machine-running measurements against known values 3. maintaining electrodes 4. running quality control procedures |
| Calculating Calibration | (PB- PH2O) x fractional concentration of gas EX---- (760-47) x 10%CO2 = 71.3 mmHg |
Created by:
TnJFarrington12
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