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#je$$stack114 term2
#1jess pharm 114 term week 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
absorption | the intake of liquids, solutes & gases |
acidification | conversion to an acidic environment |
acidosis | increase in the blood's acidity resulting from accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate |
alkalosis | increase in the blood's alkalinity resulting from the accumulation of alkali or reduction of acid content |
alpha blockers | medications used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia to relax muscles in the prostate & increase urine flow |
alpha reductase inhibitor | medication that shrinks the prostate gland |
benign prostatic hyperplasia | noncancerous growth of cells in the prostate gland |
blood urea nitrogen | test that measures the nitrogen in the blood in the form urea |
dialysis | passage of a solute through a semipermeable membrane to remove toxic materials when the kidneys are malfunctioning |
digital rectal exam | screening exam involving palpation of the prostate gland |
distribution | the mechanism by which elements are sent throughout the body |
diuretic | agent that increases urine output & excretion of water from the body |
ejaculation | release of semen from the penis during orgasm |
electrolyte | charged elements called cations |
erectile dysfunction | persistent inability to achieve and/or maintain an erection |
excretion | elimination of waste products through stools & urine |
frequency | need to urinate more often than is normal |
gout | disease associated with deposits of urate crystals in the joints that cause inflammation & is caused by byperuricemia |
hyperplasia | abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue |
hyperuricemia | condition in which urate levels build up in the blood serum |
incontinence | loss of bladder or bowel control |
kidney stones | solid mineral deposits that form in the urinary tract |
metabolism | the mechanism by which chemical transformation takes place |
micturition | urination |
nephron | the filtering of the kidneys |
nosocomial infection | infection that originates in the hospital or institutional setting |
osmosis | diffusion of water from low solute concentrations to higher solute concentrations across a semipermeable membrane |
prostate | gland in the male reproductive system just below the bladder & surrounding the urethra |
prostate specific antigen | protein produced by the prostate gland |
prostate specific antigen test | blood test to measure prostate specific antigen |
prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate gland |
renal artery | one of a pair of arteries that branch from the abdominal area |
renal failure | inability of the kidneys to function properly |
renal fascia | membranous tissue that surrounds & supports the kidneys |
renal vein | the vein in which filtered blood from the kidneys is sent back into the body's circulatory system |
semen | fluid containing sperm & secretions from the glands of the male reproductive tract |
tubular reabsorption | conservation of protein, glucose, bicarbonate, and water from the glomerular filtrate by the tubules |
tumor | abnormal mass of tissue that results from excessive cell division |
urates | product of purine metabolism that produces inflammation when crystals accumulate in joints |
urea | main nitrogenous constituent of urine & final product of protein metabolism |
ureter | tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder |
urgency | feeling of needing to urinate immediately |
urinanalysis | microscopic & chemical examination of a fresh urine sample |
uricosuric | drug that increases the renal clearance of urates |
tubular secretion | function of the nephron where ions, toxins, and water are secreted into the collecting duct to be excreted |
urethra | tube that carries urine from the bladder to the urethral sphincter for elimination from the body |