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Quiz4 Vocabulary
Terrell-QUIZ4: Terms from V&P, Probability and Integers units. (1/06)
| TERM | DEFINITION | EXAMPLE |
|---|---|---|
| VARIABLE | A letter that represents a quantity or quantities. | x, y, n, t |
| COORDINATE GRAPH (a.k.a. scatter plot) | A graph of a collection of measurement data in the form of ordered pairs (x,y). | (PICTURE: see vocabulary log. Be sure to label the axes.) |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | A variable whose value determines the value of another variable. (i.e. the input) | For the example, the cost of a long-distance phone call (c) vs. how long you talk (t), t would be the independent variable. |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | A variable whose quantity is based upon a rule applied to an input value. (i.e. the output) | For the example, the cost of a long-distance phone call (c) vs. how long you talk (t), c would be the dependent variable. |
| SAMPLE SPACE | The set of all possible outcomes of an event. | S = {CF, CP, CO, CC, BF, BP, BO, BC} |
| SET NOTATION | A formal way of listing all the elements (or members) of a group of data. | {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} or {measles, mumps, chicken pox} |
| TREE DIAGRAM | A counting display that shows all the ways an event can occur. | (PICTURE: see vocabulary log. Be sure to provide a key, if necessary.) |
| FUNDAMENTAL COUNTING PRINCIPLE | For a situation with any number of choices, multiply the number of options for each choice times each other to get the total number of possibilities. | For 3 breads, 4 meats, 4 condiments, 5 chips: #(S) = 3*4*4*5 = 240 possibilities |
| PROBABILITY | A measure of the likelihood that an event will happen. It is calculated by dividing the number of times the event could happen by the total number of possibilities. | P(rolling 3 on 6-sided die) = 1/6 |
| POSITIVE NUMBERS | The set of all numbers that are greater than 0 (to the right of 0 on the number line). | 3, 8.01, 5/6, 12.325% |
| NEGATIVE NUMBERS | The set of all numbers that are less than 0 (to the left of 0 on the number line). | -2, -5.672, -1/2, -29.7% |
| OPPOSITES | Numbers that are the same distance from 0, but are on the different sides of 0 on the number line. | -5 and 5; 2 and -2; .8 and -.8 |
| COUNTING NUMBERS (a.k.a. natural numbers, positive integers) | The set of all non-partial numbers greater than 0. | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... |
| WHOLE NUMBERS (a.k.a. nonnegative integers) | The set of all non-partial numbers greater than and including 0. | 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... |
| INTEGERS | The set of all whole numbers and their opposites. | ..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ... |
| RATIONAL NUMBERS | The set of all numbers that can be expressed as one integer divided by another. (i.e. fractions) | .29, 3, 2/3, 0, 15% |
| IRRATIONAL NUMBERS | The set of all numbers that cannot be expressed as fractions. These numbers do not end (“non-terminating”) and do not repeat. | pi, the square root of any prime number, .232233222333... |
| REAL NUMBERS | The set of all numbers that we encounter in life. | -3, 29.4567, the square root of 59, pi |
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