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MyAnthroStack

Chapter 1 Terms

TermDefinition
Anthropology. The study of humankind in all times and places.
Holistic Perspective. A fundamental principle of anthropology: that the various parts of human culture and biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence.
Archaeology. The study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains and environmental data.
Garbology. The study of garbage; subsection of Archaeology.
Man What does the root 'Anthropos' mean?
Primate. The subgroup of mammals that includes lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans.
Ethnocentrism. The belief that the ways of one’s own culture are the only proper ones.
Applied Anthropology. The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client.
Medical Anthropology. A specialization in anthropology that combines theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology with the study of human health and disease.
Physical Anthropology. The systematic study of humans as biological organisms; also known as biological anthropology.
Molecular Anthropology. A branch of biological anthropology that uses genetic and biochemical techniques to test hypotheses about human evolution, adaptation, and variation.
Physiological Adaptations are short-term changes in response to a particular environmental stimulus.
Forensic Anthropology Applied subfield of physical anthropology that specializes in the identification of human skeletal remains for legal purposes.
Cultural Anthropology Also known as social or sociocultural anthropology. The study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feelings. It focuses on humans as cultureproducing and culture-reproducing creatures.
Culture A society’s shared and socially transmitted ideas, values, and perceptions, which are used to make sense of experience and generate behavior and are reflected in that behavior
Ethnography A detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork.
Fieldwork The term anthropologists use for on-location research.
Participant Observation In ethnography,the technique of learning a people’s culture thru social participation and personal observation within the community being studied, as well as interviews and discussion with individual members of the group over an extended period of tim
Ethnology The study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative or historical point of view, utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences or similarities occur among group
Bioarchaeology The archaeological study of human remains, emphasizing the preservation of cultural and social processes in the skeleton.
Ethnobotany the study of how people of a given culture made use of indigenous plants.
Zooarchaeology, tracking the animal remains recovered in archaeological excavations
Cultural resource management A branch of archaeology tied to government policies for the protection of cultural resources and involving surveying and/or excavating archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction or development.
Empirical Based on observations of the world rather than on intuition or faith.
Hypothesis A tentative explanation of the relationships between certain phenomena.
Theory In science, an explanation of natural phenomena, supported by a reliable body of data.
Doctrine (or Dogma) An assertion of opinion or belief formally handed down by an authority as true and indisputable.
Reflexivity. Anthropological researchers monitor themselves by constantly checking their own biases and assumptions as they work; they present these self-reflections along with their observations, a practice known as
The AAA Ethics Statement an educational document that lays out the rules and ideals applicable to anthropologists in all the subdisciplines. While the AAA has no legal authority, it does issue policy statements on research ethics questions as they come up.
Informed Consent formal recorded agreement to participate in the research.
Globalization Worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases
Contract Archaeology When state legislation sponsors any kind of archaeological work, it is referred to as
Berdache Native American derogatory term for changing gender
Created by: st0lenyoureyes
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