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#je$$ stack113 term4
#1jess pharm 113 term week 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Addison's Disease | disorder caused by a decrease of adrenocortical hormones |
| antinuclear antibody | abnormal antibody that attacks the nucleus of normal cells in the body |
| ataxia | condition that causes the muscles to fail to function in a coordinated manner |
| autoantibody | abnormal antibody that attacks healthy cells and tissue |
| autocrine | denoting a mode of hormone action in which a hormone binds to receptors and affects the function of the cell type that produced it |
| autoimmune disease | condition in which a person's tissues are attacked by his or her immune system |
| bone mineral density | measurement that is taken to determine the degree of bone loss |
| catecholamines | hormones made in the brainstem, nervous system & adrenal glands |
| calcitonin | thyroid hormone that helps regulate blood concentrations of calcium and phosphate |
| Cretinism | condition in which the development of the brain and body is inhibited by congenital lack of thyroid secretion |
| Cushing's Disease | syndrome caused by excessive production of adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| demyelination | damage caused by recurrent inflammation of myelin that results in nervous system scars that interrupt communication between the nerves and the rest of the body |
| dermatomyositis | form of myositis that affects muscles and the skin |
| diabetes mellitus | chronic condition in which the body is unable to properly convert food into energy |
| exophthalmos | prominence of the eyeball caused by increased thyroid hormone |
| glucose | simple sugar |
| goiter | condition in which the thyroid gland is enlarged because of a lack of iodine, known as a simple goiter, or because of a tumor, known as a toxic goiter |
| Graves' Disease | autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism |
| homeostasis | the equalibrium pertaining to the balance of the body with respect to fluid levels, pH level, and chemicals |
| hormones | chemical substances produced and secreted by an endocrine duct into the bloodstream or duct that result in a physiological response at a specific target tissue |
| hypercalcemia | unusually high concentration of calcium in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | elevated blood glucose levels |
| hypocalcemia | low concentration of calcium in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | decreased blood glucose levels |
| interferons | antiviral proteins that enhance t-cell recognition of antigens & produce immune system suppression |
| multiple sclerosis | autoimmune disease that causes progressive damage to nerves, resulting in spasticity, pain, mood changes & other physical symptoms |
| myasthenia gravis | autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks muscle cells at the neuromuscular junction & is characterized by muscle weakness |
| myelin | fatty covering that insulates nerve cells in the brain & spinal cord |
| myelin basic protein | major component of myelin that can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of people with multiple sclerosis |
| myositis | autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the muscles |
| myxedema | condition associated with a decrease in overall thyroid function in adults; also known as hypothyroidism |
| neuroblastomas | tumors of the neural crest |
| osteoblasts | cells responsible for bone formation, deposition & mineralization of the collagen matrix of bone |
| osteoclasts | cells responsible for bone resorption |
| osteolysis | dissolution or degradation of bone |
| osteopenia | decrease in bone mineral density that is the precursor of osteoporosis |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone mass that occurs throughout the skeleton, predisposing patients to fractures |
| Paget's disease | condition that affects older adults in which the density of the bones decrease, resulting in softening and weakening |
| paracrine | denoting a type of hormone function in which hormone synthesized in & released from endocrine cells binds to its receptors |
| pheochromocytomas | tumors of the adrenal gland that produce excess adrenaline |
| plaques | patchy areas of inflammation & demyelination that disrupt nerve signals between the brain & the rest of the body |
| polymyositis | form of myositis that affects multiple muscles, particularly the muscles closest to the trunk |
| remodeling | process of continual turnover of bone |
| resorption | process where bone is broken down into mineral ions |
| rheumatoid factor | immunoblobulin that is present in many people who have rheumatoid arthritis |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the joints |
| Simmonds' disease | a pituitary disorder that is a form of hypopituitarism in which all pituitary secretions are deficient |
| spermatogenesis | the process of producing sperm with half the number of chromosomes |
| synovium | thin layer of tissue that lines the joint space |
| systemic lupus erythematosus | autoimmune disease that affects nearly all body systems |
| thyroxine | thyroid hormone derived from tyrosine |
| triiodothyronine | thyroid hormone that helps regulate growth & development |
| tumor necrosis factor | inflammatory cytokine released as part of the immune response & found in the synovial fluid of people with rheumatoid arthritis |
| trigger | something that stimulates the onset of symptoms or disease in people |
Created by:
je$$tech
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