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Law 12: Ch6

The Nature of Crime

TermDefinition
crime an act of omission of an act that is prohibited and punishable by federal statute
criminal law the body of laws that prohibit and punish acts that injure people, property, and society as a whole
quasi-criminal laws laws covering less serious offenses at the provincial or municipal level; most often punishable by fines
actus reus "the guilty act" - the voluntary action, omission, or state of being that is forbidden by the Criminal Code
mens rea a deliberate intention to commit a wrongful act, with reckless disregard for the consequence
intent a state of mind in which someone desires to carry out a wrongful action, knows what the results will be, and is reckless regarding the consequences
general intent the desire to commit a wrongful act, with no ulterior motive or purpose
specific intent the desire to commit one wrongful act for the sake of accomplishing another
motive the reason a person commits a crime
knowledge the awareness of certain facts that can be used to establish mens rea
criminal negligence wanton or reckless disregard for the lives and safety of others, sometimes causing serious injury or death
recklessness consciously taking an unjustifiable risk that a reasonable person would not take
wilful blindness a deliberate closing of one's mind to the possible consequences of one's actions
regulatory laws federal or provincial statutes meant to protect the public welfare
liability legal responsibility for a wrongful action
strict liability offences offences that do not require mens rea but to which the accused can offer defence of due diligence
due diligence the defence that the accused took every reasonable precaution to avoid committing a particular offence
absolute liability offences offences that do not require mens rea and to which the accused can offer no defence
perpetrator the person who actually commits the crime
parties to an offence those people who are indirectly involved in committing a crime
aiding a criminal offence that involves helping a perpetrator commit a crime
abetting the crime of encouraging the perpetrator to commit an offence
counselling the crime that involves advising, recommending, or persuading another person to commit a criminal offence
accessory after the fact someone who knowingly receives, comforts, or assists a perpetrator in escaping from the police
party to a common intention the shared responsibility among criminals for any additional offences that are committed in the course of the crime they originally intended to commit
attempt the intention to commit a crime, even when the crime is not completed
conspiracy an agreement between two or more people to carry out an illegal act, even if that act does not actually occur
Created by: slslozzy
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