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Geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Geography | The study of where people places and things are located and of the ways in which things relate to each other |
| Absolute location | Position on a globe using latitude and longitude |
| Relative Location | Where something is in relation to other places |
| Equator | 0 |
| Prime Meridian | 0 |
| Longitude | Lines that run from North to South |
| Latitude | Lines that run from East to West |
| Place | Places have unique physical and human or cultural characteristics. Geographers try to understand how places are similar and different to one another. “What is the character of this place?” |
| Interaction | How people use the environment and the consequences of that |
| Movement | How people goods and ideas move between places |
| Region | A group of places with at least one common characteristic; there are two kinds |
| Formal Region | a certain characteristic is found throughout the area |
| Functional Region | one central place and the surrounding places affected by it |
| Geology | The study of the materials of the earth, including its history |
| Core | The center of the Earth |
| Mantle | Middle layer between the crust and core; It has the consistency of toothpaste or putty |
| Crust | Cooled, solid layer. There are two kinds; Oceanic and Continental |
| Continent | The large landmasses in the ocean |
| Relief | The difference in elevation between highest and lowest points |
| Fold | When rock layers bend + buckle. |
| Fault | Breaks in the Earth’s crust |
| Plate Tectonics | The Earth’s outer shell is not one solid piece of rock. |
| Ring of Fire | A circle of volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean |
| Continental Drift | About 180 million years ago the “super continent” began to break up and separate |
| Lava | Molten rock on the surface of the earth |
| Convection | A circular motion caused when a material is heated, rises and expands then cools and falls |
| Weathering | The break down of rock at or near the surface of the Earth |
| Chemical Weathering | Alters rock’s chemical makeup by changing the minerals that form the rock or combining them with new chemical elements |
| Mechanical Weathering | Breaks down large pieces of rock into smaller pieces such as pebbles, stones, and even dust |
| Acid Rain | When chemicals in the polluted air fall with water vapors |
| Loess | Mineral rich dust and slit. |
| Leeward | Away from wind |
| Windward | Faced toward wind, water hits this side. |
| Frost Wedging | The process of water getting in a crack, freezing, expanding and eventually cracking the rock |
| Weather | The condition of the bottom layer of the Earth’s atmosphere in one place over a short period of time |
| Rain Shadow | Dry, hot air |
| Climate | The weather patterns an area typically experiences over a long period of time. |
| Rotation | Spinning motion of the Earth |
| Revolution | One complete orbit around the sun. Takes 365 ¼ days or 1 year to complete |
| Precipitation | All forms of water that fall to the earth from the atmosphere |
| Humid Continental | Found in central areas of continents in the northern hemisphere. Cold, snowy winters. Warm hot summers |
| Coniferous | Cone bearing trees. Needles |
| Chaparral | Small evergreens found in Mediterranean climates |
| Permafrost | Layer of permanently frozen soil |
| Population Density | The average number of people in a square mile |
| Birthrate | The amount of births each year per 1,000 people |
| Death Rate | The number of deaths each year per 1,000 people |
| Urbanization | The growth of city population |
| Communism | The government makes all of the decisions about what goods and products will be produced. The state owns and operates major farms and industries. |
| Monarchy | Kings, queens, pharohs, shahs, sultans, inherit position by being, born into the ruling family. |
| Dictatorship | Power is concentrated in small groups or a single person. |
| Demography | The study of human population |
| Capitalism | People determine what will be produced by what they buy or do not buy. This is referred to as a free market society. Little government influence. |
| Sovereignty | can rule itself and has freedom from outside control. |
| Socialism | The government runs basic industries and people run other industries and businesses. A mixed economy |
| Renewable Resources | A natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as it is used. |
| Geothermal Energy | Energy from the earth’s intense interior heat, which transforms underground water to steam that can be used to heat. |
| Nonrenewable Resources | A natural resource that can’t be replaced once it is used |
| Mixed Economy | Socialism |
| Subsistence Farming | growing only enough to meet their own family’s of village’s needs |
| Deciduous | shed their leaves |
| Prairie | Grasslands, differ in length and size depending on rainfall |
| Savanna | warm areas near the equator, 3 seasons wet, dry, and wildfires, some vegetation |
| Tundra | 2 kinds, Alpine, found in high mountains, small plants and wild flowers and Lichens. Arctic, permafrost, no veg. except a few small plants, polar ice caps. |
| Volcanism | The flow of magma under the earth (volcanoes) |
| Coriolis Effect | the earth is rotating which deflects the wind, or bends it, which causes the wind to blow in a strait line |
| Plant Community | a mix of independent plants that naturally grow in one place |
| Environment | the physical condition of the natural suroundings |
| Hemisphere | ½ of the earth, the equator divides it into northern and southern, the prime meridian divides it into eastern and western. |
| Rachel | Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
Created by:
horsefanatic63