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cali chpt 1
cali anatomy and physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| study of structure and organization of body and parts | anatomy |
| study of function of body and parts | physiology |
| levels of organization | chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level |
| organelle | microscopic subunit of a cell |
| cell | basic structural and functional units of body |
| tissue | aggregation of similar cells that perform similar functions |
| organ | composed of two or more tissues that work together |
| organ system | functional groups of organs |
| outer boundry of cavities | parietal |
| internal organs | visceral |
| at or near the center of the body or organ | central |
| external to or away from the center of the body or organ | peripheral |
| axial portion consists of... | the head, neck, and trunk |
| appendicular portion | upper and lower extremities |
| the three main planes are... | transverse, sagittal, and coronal |
| transverse/horizontal planes divide... | into superior and inferior portions. |
| transverse/horizontal planes are perpendicular to | sagittal planes and the longitudinal axis of the body |
| cross sections | sections made along transverse planes |
| head and neck consist of (4) | cephalic, cervical, cranial, and facial |
| anterior trunk consists of (6) | abdominal, abdominopelvic, inguinal, pectoral, pelvic, and sternal |
| Posterior trunk includes (5) | dorsum, gluteal, lumbar, sacral, vertebral |
| lateral trunk inclueds (2) | axillary, and coxal |
| inferior trunk includes (2) | genital and perineal |
| upper extremity includes (7) | antebrachial, antecubital, brachial, carpal, cubital, digital, palmar |
| lower extremity includes (7) | crural, digital, femoral, patellar, pedal, plantar, popliteal |
| divides body into right and left portions, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body | sagittal planes |
| passes through the midline of the body, divides into equal left and right halves | midsagittal, or medial planes |
| divides the body into anterior and posterior portions | coronal, or frontal, planes |
| what are the two major cavities of the body that contain internal organs | the dorsal and ventral cavities |
| the dorsal cavity is subdivided into what | the cranial cavity and the vertebral canal |
| what houses the brain | the cranial cavity |
| what contains the spinal cord | vertebral canal |
| the ventral cavity is divided by the what | diaphragm |
| a thin sheet of muscle | diaphragm |
| what cavity is protected by the rib cage | thoracic cavity |
| the abdominopelvic cavity is subdivided into what cavities | the abdoinal and the pelvic cavities |
| the abdominal cavity contains... | stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen,and kidneys |
| pelvic cavity contains... | urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, rectum, and internal reproductive organs |
| protective membranes that protect the dorsal cavity | meninges |
| serous membranes | line the ventral cavity and surfaces of the internal organs |
| what provides a smooth, friction-reducing surface | serous membrane |
| pleurae and pleural membranes | serous membranes lining the thoracic cavity |
| the walls of the left and right portions of the thoracic cavity are lined by the... | parietal pleurae |
| visceral pleurae | the outer surfaces of lungs are covered by this |
| parietal and visceral pleurae are seperated by | a thin film of serous membrane |
| pleural cavity | the potential space between the parietal and visceral pleurae |
| mediastinum | right and left portions of thoracic cavity are divided by this |
| pericardium | what the heart is enveloped by |
| pericardial cavity | the potential space between the visceral andparietal pericardia |
| peritoneum | line the walls of the abdominal cavity and surface abdominal organs |
| right upper of abdominopelvic quadrants (6) | gallbladder,most of liver and duodenum, right kidney, parts of pancreas, small intestine, ascending and transverse colon |
| right lower or abdominopelvic quadrants contains (7) | appendix, cecum, parts ofascendingcolon,small intestine, right ureter, urinary bladder, and rectum |
| left upper in abdominopelvic quadrants contains (7) | stomach, spleen, parts of duodenu and pancreas, left kidney, parts of left ureter, small intestine, transverse and descending colon |
| left lower organs in abdominopelvic quadrants contains (5) | parts of small intestine, descending and sigoid colon, rectu, left ureter, and urinary bladder |
| right hypochondriac contains | gallbladder, parts of liver, transverse colon, right kidney |
| right lubar contains | ascending colon, parts of small intestine, and right kidney |
| right iliac contains | appendix, cecum, parts of small intestine |
| epigastric contains | parts of liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, and transerse colon |
| umbilical contains | parts of duodenum, small intestine, kidneys, ureters |
| hypogastric contains | urinary bladder, rectum, parts of ureters, small intestine, and sigmoid colon |
| left hypochondriac contains | spleen, parts ofstomach, transverse colon,left kidney |
| left lumbar contains | descending colon, parts of left kidney and small intestine |
| left iliac contains | parts of small intestine, descending and sigmoid colon |
| refers to all of the life processes, that is, all of the chemical reactions that collectively are known as life | metabolism |
| two phases of metabolism | anabolism and catabolism |
| prosses thatuse energy and nutrients to build the complex organic molecules that compose the body | anabolism |
| processes that break down complex molecules into simpler molecules | catabolism |
| five basic needs to sustain human life | food, water, oxygen, body temperature, and atmospheric pressure |
| maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment | homeostasis |
Created by:
delamatera
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