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6th Grade: Science

QuestionAnswer
element is any substance that cannot be broken down into smaller pieces
compound when two or more elements combine chemically
enzyme is a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in living cells.
nucleic acids contains instructions that cells need to carry out the functions of life
What are the two kinds of nucleic acids and describe their functions? DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid: carry’s out instructions for the cell to function RNA-ribonucleic acid: helps in the production of proteins
Proteins is a large molecule that is made up of smaller molecules
Why do living things need energy? All living things need energy to carry out life's function (cell's functions)
What is photosynthesis? The process by which a plant cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food.
Autotrophs Organisms that make their own food
Heterotrophs An organism that can make their own food
What is the 1st stage of photosynthesis? 1. Chloroplasts captures sunlight 2. Chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight
What is the 2nd stage of photosynthesis? 1. Roots absorb water 2. Stomata take in Carbon dioxide 3. Water and Carbon dioxide meet in the chloroplast and undergo chemical reactions powered by the energy captured in the first stage 4. These chemical reactions produce oxygen and glucose
How is a compound different from an element? Elements make up compounds
What three important functions does water perform in a cell? It helps keep temperatures regulated, allows chemical reactions to occur, and helps keep cells their size and shape
5. Suppose a cell is deprived of water. How might this lack of water affect the cell’s enzymes? Explain. Since cells require water for chemical reactions to occur and enzymes speed up these chemical reactions; a lack of water would cause the enzyme not to perform its job.
What are four types of organic molecules found in living things? Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
cell membrane surrounds a cell.The exchange of materials between a cell and its environments takes place at the cell's membrane.
selectively permeable The pores in the cell membrane allow only certain particles to pass in and out of the cell.
diffusion The process in which small particles move across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration using no energy.
Is energy needed for diffusion? no
In what direction do molecules move during diffusion? High to low
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.8. Cells cannot function properly without an adequate supply of water. This is why osmosis is important.
If a plant is wilted, then I water it, what is the result of the plant and why is this happening? The water is pulled from the roots to the cell. The water fills the vacuole and the plant becomes firm again. This is the process of osmosis.
11. Moving small particles can be done two ways. What are those ways? Do they require energy? Active and Passive transport. Energy is required for active. Energy is not required for passive.
13. Moving large particles can be done in two ways. What are those two ways? These two ways also use active transport. Endocytosis and exocytosis
What is the energy captured in the first stage used for? To power the second stage of photosynthesis
What pigment in chloroplasts absorbs light? chlorophyll
How are roots and stomata important for photosynthesis? Roots absorb water and stomata take in carbon dioxide which is important for photosynthesis
What role do you think the guard cells play? They regulate what goes in and out of the stomata.
When do you think the stomata are usually open? Daytime because there is sunlight during the day when light energy is available for photosynthesis
What is the equation for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6 H2O light energy> C6H12O6 + 6O2
13. Would you expect a plant to produce more oxygen on a cloudy day or a sunny day? Explain. Sunny day because there is sunlight that provides energy for photosynthesis.
An insect eats a leaf. Explain how the insect depends on the sun for energy. The leaf has stored food in the mitochondria that the plant made using energy from the sun in the process of photosynthesis.
When you eat food from plants you are eating the plants? Stored energy
Created by: lgraupner
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