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History Vocab: 6

chapter 6 vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Judiciary Act of 1789 a law that established the federal court system and the number of Supreme Court justices and that provided for the appeal of certain state court decisions to the federal courts
Cabinet the group of department heads who serve as the president's chief advisers
Bank of the United States either of the two national banks, funded by the federal government and private investors, established by Congress, the first in 1791 and the second in 1816.
Democratic-Republicans political party known for its support of strong state governments, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in opposition to the Federalist Party
Two-Party System a political system dominated by two major parties
Protective Tarriff a tax on imported goods that is intended to protect a nation's businesses from foreign competition
Excise Tax a tax on the production, sale, or consumption of goods produced within a country
Neutrality a refusal to take part in a war between other nations
Sectionalism the placing of the interests of one's own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole
XYZ Affair incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats
Alien and Sedition Acts series of four laws enacted in 1789 to reduce the politcal power of recent immigrants to the United States
Nullification a state's refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considered unconstitutional
Judiciary Act of 1801 a law that increased the number of federal judges, allowing President John Adams to fill most of the new posts with Federalists
Midnight Judges judges appointed by John Adams in the last hours of his administration
Judicial Review the supreme court's power to declare an act of congress unconstitutional
Louisiana Purchase the 1803 purchase by the united states of france's lousiana territory
Blockade the use of ships or troops to prevent movement into and out of a port of region controlled by a hostile nation
Impressment the forcile seizure of men for military service
Embargo a government ban on trade with one or more other nations
War Hawk one of the members of congress who favored war with britain in the early years of the 19th century
Treaty of Ghent the 1814 treaty that ended the war of 1812
Armistice a truce, or agreement to end an armed conflict
Created by: Lucas-Sucks
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