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Infectious Vocab

Infectous Disease Vocab!

QuestionAnswer
Antibody A protein produced by immune system that binds to foreign substances introduced and destroys them.
Virus A simple microscopic agent, consisting of DNA or RNA and a protein coat, that can cause infection or illness.
Bacteria One-celled organisms, spherical, spiral, or rod-shaped, capable of rapid reproduction.
Microorganisms Small organisms: bacteria, protozoa, or fungi.
Herd Immunity Resistance of a population to a pathogen due to immunity of a large portion of the group.
Antibiotic A substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria.
Ring Vaccination Administering a vaccine only to people in close contact with the infected person.
Pathogen A microbe capable of causing disease, consists of 3% of microbes.
Vaccine Prep made from killed or weakened pathogens that stimulate production of antibodies protecting individuals, can be swallowed or injected.
Immunization Processes that pormote the body's immunity against specific disease.
Polio A highly infectious disease that mainly affects children. At its worse, it can cause paralysis and deformity. Through vaccination, it is preventable.
Smallpox A very infectious, often fatal disease caused by a virus. Those who survive are often disfigured with scars from the sores. A vaccine is used to prevent this disease.
White Blood Cells Part of the circulatory system, these help protect the body from infection and disease.
Allergy An unusually high sensitivity to certain substances that trigger a reaction, such as sneezing or rash.
Antigen A substance that when introduce into the body triggers the production of an antibody.
Endemic Ongoing pressence of a disease within a population, group/area. Ex: common cold
Epidemic Sudden, widespread outbreak of a disease. Ex: Measles
Pandemic Outbreak of a disease over a large geograhical area. Ex: AIDS
CDC Center for Disease Control
WHO World Heath Organization
Carrier Hosts Hosts that do not show any outward signs or symptoms of a disease but are still capable of transmitting the disease.
Fungi Plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter. Grows best in dark, damp places.
Protozoa One-celled animals often found in decayed materials & contaminated water
Helminths Parasitic worms caused by larval & egg infestations.
Beneficial Microbes 87% are beneficial organisms, they are harmless. Also called Non-pathogens.
Opportunists Organisms Can become problematic, only 10% are.
Mutation Changing of the structure of a gene, may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
Epidemiology The branch of medicine that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases.
PPE Personal Protective Equipment.
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
Antibiotic Resistance Resistance mechanisms to antibiotics exist that render cells "immune" to the antibiotic; the genes for these characteristics are found in certain organisms.
Quarantine A state, period, or place of isolation in which people or animals that have been exposed to infectious or contagious disease are placed.
Prevalence Being widespread.
Public Health Health pervention and control.
Nosocomial Infection Infection acquired in a hospital.
Created by: Cunningham101
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