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SCIENCE TEST 11/13
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what are minerals? | inorganic solid material with a particular chemical makeup and orderly arrangement of atoms |
rocks are composed of two or more | minerals |
magma | minerals form from blank or lava or through evaporation or precipitation |
size | mineral formation includes blank and how mineral crystals fit together |
properties | characteristics used to identify minerals |
crystals | solid materials with a repeating pattern of atoms |
cleavage and fracture | some minerals have blank splitting into thin sheets; other minerals have blank, breaking into rough edges |
streak | color or color of a powered mineral helps identify minerals |
luster | describes how light reflects from a minerals surface |
hardness | Mohs scale uses this to classifyminerals from 1 softest to 10 hardest |
specific gravity | compares weight of mineral with weight of an equal volume of water |
magnetism | other properties of minerals include blank, double refraction, taste, or reactions with acid |
common minerals | most rock forming minerals are silicates or carbonates |
gem | rare minerals that can be cut and polished |
pressure | diamonds are produced under blank beneath earths surface and brought to the surface by special volcanic eruptions |
ore | CONTAINS enough useful mineral to be sold at a profit |
processed | ores must be this to extract the mineral |
igneous rocks | form from melted rock that cools |
extrusive | igneous rocks that form when melted rock cools on earths surface |
intrusive | igneous rocks that form when melted rock cools beneath earths surface |
granitic | light colored often intrusive igneous rocks containing a high percentage of silica |
basalt | dark colored often extrusive igneous rocks containing iron, magnesium, or calicium |
lava | melted rock that reaches earths surface and forms extrusive igneous rock when it cools |
volcanoes | can erupt bringing a lava flow to earths surface |
fishers | large cracks can allow melted rock to ooze out in a lava flow |
magma | melted rock that does not reach earths surface; intrusive igneous rocks form as magma slowly cools under the surface |
crystal size | MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN intrusive and extrusive igneous rock |
intrusive | igneous rocks that have large crystals |
extrusive | IGNEOUS ROCKS THAT do not have large crystals |
sedimentary | rocks form in layers from broken rock, shells, plants, and other materials |
detrital | rocks made of grains from minerals or other rocks that have been compressed |
chemical | rocks form when mineral rich water evaporates and from other blank processes |
organic | rocks form from dead pants and animals that have been compressed |
coal | rock that is produced from layers of plants |
fossils | chalk is a kind of limestone made from this of tiny animals and algae |
pressure | time, blank, and heat, and events such as erosion and moving land masses, make new rocks out of old rocka |
metamorphic rock | form when existing rocks are heated or squeezed; they recrystallize and might change chemically |
fiolated | rocks having visible layers or elongated mineral grains |
non fiolated | rocks do not have layers or bands |
rock cycle | rocks change from one type to another over millions of years |
diagram | or model shows each rock on a continuing journey |
any | a rock in blank part of the cycle could become any other kind of rock |