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TCCAH60 Urology/Male
Chapter 11/12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Urinary System | Body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Its function is to produce and excrete urine. It also helps regulate the internal environment of the body by secreting the enzyme renin and the hormone erythropoietin. It is also known |
| renal pelvis | Large, funnel-shaped cavity within each kidney that collects urine from the major calices and then narrows to become the ureter. |
| urea | Waste product from protein metabolism. It is removed from the blood by the kidneys. |
| glomerulonephritis | Complication that develops following an acute infection with streptococcal bacteria or with viruses. The original infection, which is often a step throat, causes the immune system to produce antibodies. Antibodies combine with the bacteria or viruses to f |
| hydronephrosis | Enlargement of the kidney. This is due to the pressure from urine that is backed up in the ureter because of an obstructing stone or stricture. |
| nephrolithiasis | Kidney stone or calculus formation in the urinary system. Kidney stones can vary in size from microscopic to large enough to block the ureter or fill the renal pelvis. |
| nephr/o- | kidney; nephron |
| -iasis | state of; process of |
| calculi | singular form of the word calculus |
| calculus | kidney stones |
| nephroptosis | Abnormally low position of a kidney. It sometimes requires surgery, but more often is mentioned as an incidental finding seen on an x-ray. |
| -ptosis | state of prolapse; drooping; falling |
| polycystic kidney disease | Congenital disease characterized by cysts in the kidney that eventually destroy the nephrons, causing kidney failure. The early stage of this progressive degenerative disease shows few symptoms or signs; often it is not detected until hypertension and alr |
| poly- | many; much |
| cyst/o- | bladder; fluid-filled sac; semisolid cyst |
| congenital | present at birth |
| pyelonephritis | Inflammation and infection of the pelves of the kidneys. Infection of the kidneys also involves the renal pelves. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the bladder that goes up the ureters to the kidneys. |
| cystitis | Inflammation or infection of the bladder. This is often caused by bacteria in the urethra that ascend into the bladder, particularly in women because of the short length of the urethra. |
| cystocele | Hernia in which the bladder bulges through a weakness in the muscular wall of the vagina or rectum. This causes retention of the urine that is in the bulge of the hernia. This is also known as a vesicocele. |
| -cele | hernia |
| neurogenic bladder | Urinary retention due to a lack of innervation of the nerves of the bladder. This can be due to a spinal cord injury, spina bifida, multiple sclerosis, or Parkinson's disease. The bladder must be catheterized intermittently because it does not contract to |
| neur/o- | nerve |
| gen/o- | arising from; produced by |
| urinary retention | Inability to empty the bladder because of an obstruction (enlargement of the prostate gland, kidney stone), nerve damage (neurogenic bladder), or as a side effect of certain types of drugs. Even when the bladder contracts, a large amount of postvoid resid |
| vesicovaginal fistula | Formation of an abnormal passageway connecting the bladder to the vagina. Urine flows from the bladder into the vagina and leaks continually to the outside of the body. |
| vagin/o- | vagina |
| anuria | Absence of urine production by the kidneys because of acute or chronic renal failure. |
| dysuria | Difficult or painful urination. It can be due to many factors (kidney stone, cystitis, etc.) |
| dys- | painful; difficult; abnormal |
| enuresis | Involuntary release of urine in an otherwise normal person who should have already developed bladder control. |
| glycosuria | Glucose in the urine. This is an indication of an elevated blood sugar level, as seen in diabetes mellitus. |
| hematuria | Blood in the urine. This can be gross or frank blood or it can be microscopic blood that can only be detected with laboratory testing. |
| glycos/o- | glucose (sugar) |
| hemat/o- | blood |
| incontinence | Inability to voluntarily keep urine in the bladder. It can be due to a spinal cord injury, surgery on the prostate gland, unconsciousness, or a mental condition such as dementia. |
| stress incontinence | A relaxation of the muscles of the pelvic floor that occurs when the patient laughs, coughs, or sneezes increasing intra-abdominal pressure causing urine to pass. |
| nocturia | Increased frequency and urgency of urination during the night. |
| polyuria | Excessive production of urine due to diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus. |
| pyuria | White blood cells (WBCs) in the urine, indicating a urinary tract infection. |
| urinary tract infection | General category of an infection anywhere in the urinary tract. |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | Measures the amount of urea. It is used to monitor kidney function and the progression of kidney disease or to watch for signs of nephrotoxicity in patients taking aminoglycoside antibiotic drugs. |
| culture and sensitivity | Puts urine onto culture medium in a Petri dish to identify the cause of a urinary tract infection. Microorganisms present in the urine grow into colonies. The specific disease-causing microorganism is identified and tested to determine its sensitivity to |
| urinalysis | Describes the characteristics of the urine and detects substances in it. A quick urinalysis can be done with a dipstick test or the urine specimen can be sent to the laboratory for a full analysis. |
| intravenous pyelography (IVP) | Procedure that uses x-rays and radiopaque contrast dye. The dye is injected intravenously and flows through the blood and into the kidneys. It outlines the renal pelves, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It shows any obstruction, blockage, kidney stone, or a |
| voiding cystourethrography | Procedure that uses x-rays and radiopaque contrast dye. The dye, which is inserted into the bladder through a cystoscope, outlines the bladder and urethra and the picture is taken while the patient is urinating. |
| catheterization | Procedure in which a catheter is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to drain the urine. |
| Foley catheter | An indwelling tube that drains urine continuously. It has an expandable balloon tip that keeps it positioned in the bladder. |
| dialysis | Procedure to remove waste products from the blood of a patient in renal failure. |
| Hemodialysis | A fistula is created by surgically joining an artery and vein. After surgery, the vein enlarges enough to accommodate two needles, one that removes blood and sends it to the dialysis machine and returns it to the body. An external shunt is used instead to |
| cystectomy | Procedure to remove the bladder because of bladder cancer. |
| cystoscopy | Procedure that uses a rigid or flexible cystoscope inserted through the urethra in order to examine the bladder. |
| lithotripsy | Procedure that uses sound waves to break up a kidney stone. After an x-ray pinpoints the location of the stone, a lithotriptor generates sound waves that break up the stone. |
| extracorporeal shock wave therapy | A lithotripsy procedure where sound waves are generated outside the body. |
| -tripsy | process of crushing |
| nephrectomy | Surgical procedure to remove a diseased or cancerous kidney. alternatively, a healthy kidney may be removed from a donor so that it can be transplanted into a patient with renal failure. |
| nephrolithotomy | Precedure in which a small incision is made in the skin and an endoscope is inserted in a percutaneous approach into the kidney to remove a kidney stone embedded in the renal pelvis or calices. |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| GU | genitourinary gonococcal urethritis |
| IVP | intravenous pyelography |
| bladder | expandable reservoir for storing urine |
| Bowman's Capsule | sphere-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus and collects filtrate |
| collecting duct | common passageway that collects fluid from many nephrons. the final step of reabsorption takes place there and the fluid is known as urine |
| distal convoluted tuble | tubule of the nephron that begins at the loop of Henle. It empties into the collecting duct. Reabsorption takes place there |
| electrolytes | substances that have a positive or negative charge. excess amounts in blood are removed by kidneys |
| filtration | process in which water and substances in the blood are puched through the pores of the glomerulus. Resulting fluid is known as filtrate |
| flank | area of the back between the ribs and pelvis that overlies the kidneys |
| fundus | dome shaped top of the bladder |
| glomerulus | network of intertwining capillaries within the Bowmans capsule in the nephron. Filtration takes place in the glomerulus |
| hilum | indentation in the medial side of each kidney where the renal artery enters and the renal vein and the ureter leave |
| loop of Henle | tubule of the nephron that is U-shaped. begins at the proximal convoluted tubule and ends at the distal convoluted tubule. Reabsorption takes place there |
| medulla | area of kidney tissue beneath the cortex. Contains the renal pyramids |
| mucosa | mucous membrane lining the inside of the bladder |
| pelvis | large, funnel-shaped cavity within each kidney that collects urine from the major calices and sends it to the ureter |
| peristalsis | process of smooth muscle contractions that propel urine through the ureter |
| proximal convoluted tubule | tubule of the nephron that begins at Bowmans capsule and ends at the loop of Henle in the nephron. Reabsorption takes place there |
| reabsorption | process by which water and substances in the filtrate move out of the tubule and into the bloos in a nearby capillary |
| renal capsule | tough outer layer that surrounds the kidney |
| renal pyramids | trangular-shaped areas of tissue in the medulla of the kidney |
| renin | enzyme secreted by special cells near the nephron when the blood presure decreases. renin stimulates the production of angiotensin, a powerful vasoconstrictor |
| retroperitoneal space | area behind the peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity. contains the kidneys and fatty tissue |
| rugae | folds in the mucosa of the bladder that disappear as the bladder fills with urine |
| sphincter | muscular ring around a tube. sphincter in the bladder neck is not under conscious control, the external urethral sphincter at the end of the urethra is under voluntary, conscious control |
| tubules | small tubes within the nephron |
| ureter | tube that carries urine from the pelvis of the kidney to the bladder |
| ureteral orifice | opening at the end of the ureter as it enters the bladder |
| urethra | tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| urethral meatus | the opening to the outside of the body that is at the end of the urethra |
| uric acid | waste product from purine metabolism. removed from the blood by the kidneys |
| urination | the process of producing urine and expelling it from the body. AKA voiding and micturition |
| urine | water, waste productes, and other substances excreted by the kidneys |
| nephropathy | general word for any disease process involving the kidney |
| nephrotic syndrome | damage to the pores of the glomeruli alloes large amounts of albumin(protien) to leak into the urine, decreaseing the amount of blood proteins |
| renal cell cancer | cancerous tumor (carcinoma) that arises from tubules in the nephrons |
| renal failure | disease in which the kidneys progressivley decrease and then stop production of urine |
| uremia | excessive amounts of urea in the blood because of renal failure |
| Wilm's tumor | cancerous tumor of the kidney that occurs in children and arises from residual embryonic or fetal tissue AKA nephroblastoma |
| bladder cancer | cancerous tumor of the epithelium of the bladder, most commonly seen in men over age 60. |
| overactive bladder | urinary urgency and frequency due to involuntary contractions of the bladder wall as the bladder fills with urine |
| epispadias | congenital condition in which the female urethral meatus is incorrectly located near the clitois or the male urethral meatus is incorrectly located on the upper surface of the shaft of the penis rather than at the tip of the glans penis |
| urethritis | inflammation or infection of the urethra |
| albuminuria | presence of albumin in the urine |
| baceriuria | presence of bacteria in the urine |
| hesitancy | inability to initiate a normal stream of urine |
| hypokalemia | decreased amounts of potassium in the blood |
| ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine |
| oliguria | decreased production of urine associated with kidney failure- dehydration can cause temporary oliguria |
| urgency | strong urge to urinate and a sense oc pressure in the bladder |
| leukocyte esterase | urine test to detect esterase, an enzyme associated with leukocytes and a UTI |
| 24-hour creatinine clearance | urine test that collects all urine for 24 hours to measure the total amount of creatine excreated by the kidneys |
| color | normal urine is light yellow to amber in color. pink or smoky-colored urine indicates RBCs from bleeding. Cloudy or milky (turbid) urine indicates WBCs and a UTI |
| odor | urine has a faint odor due to the waste products in it. |
| kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray | radiologic procedure that uses x-rays of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) w/o contrast dye |
| nephrotomography | radiologic procedure that uses a computerized axial tomograpy(CT) scan and radiopaque contrast dye injected intravenously |
| renal scan | nuclear medicin procedure that uses a radioactive isotope injected intravenously |
| cystometry | catheter is used to inflate bladder w/liquid. a cystometer is attached to the catherter measures the amount of liquid and the pressure in the bladder |
| peritoneal dialysis | a permanent catheter inserted through the abdominal wall |
| bladder neck suspension | surgical procedure to correct stress incontinence |
| nephropexy | correct a kidney that is in an abnormally low position |
| urethroplasty | plastic surgery to reposistion the urethra |
| arteriole | small artery |
| calyx, calix | cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
| catheter | tube for injecting or collecting fluids |
| cortex | outer region; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney |
| creatinine | waste products of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine. |
| erythropoietin (EPO) | a hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow |
| kidney | One of two bean-shaped organs behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; organ of the urinary system that produces urine |
| meatus | opening or canal |
| micturition | urination; the act of voiding |
| nephron | combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and, secretion take place in the kidney; microscopic functional unit of the kidney |
| nitrogenous waste | substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine |
| potassium (K+) | an electrolyte important to body processes |
| renal artery | blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
| renal tubule | microscopic tube in the kidney in which urine is formed after filtration |
| renal vein | blood vessel that caries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart |
| sodium (Na+) | an electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys |
| trigone | triangular area in the urinary bladder in which the ureters enter and the urethra exits |
| urinary bladder | hollow muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
| voiding | emptying of urine from the urinary bladder; urination or micturition. |
| cali/o, calic/o | calyx or calix |
| glomerul/o | glomerulus |
| meat/o | meatus |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| ren/o | kidney 1 |
| trigon/o | trigone |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| vesic/o | urinary bladder; fluid-filled sac |
| albumin/o | albumin |
| azot/o | nitrogen |
| bacteri/o | bacteria |
| dips/o | thirst |
| ket/o, keton/o | ketone bodies |
| lith/o | stone |
| noct/o | night |
| olig/o | scanty |
| -poietin | substance that forms |
| py/o | pus |
| ur/o | urine (urea) |
| urin/o | urine |
| -uria | urination; urine condition |
| appearance | normal urine should be clear |
| protein | small amounts of protein are in normal urine |
| glucose | sugar is not normally found in urine |
| specific gravity | reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids present in the urine |
| ketone bodies | the product of the incomplete breakdown of fat when glucose is not available in the cells |
| sediments and casts | the presence of abnormal particles in the urine |
| phenylketonuria | a genetic disorder in which the body cannot metabolize phenylalanine |
| bilirubin | the pigment substance, which results from hemoglobin breakdown |
| interstitial nephritis | inflammation of the renal interstitium |
| renal hypertension | high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
| diabetes insipidus | inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
| diabetes mellitus | inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin |
| creatinine clearance | measures the rate in which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney |
| CT scan | x-ray image showing a detailed cross-sectional view of organs and tissues |
| renal angiography | x-ray examination (with contrast) of the vascular system (blood vessels)of the kidney; dye is injected inracenously and flows through blood into the renal artery |
| retrograde pyelogram | x-ray imaging of the kidneys, ureters, and, bladder after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters |
| voiding cystourethrogram | x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding urine |
| ultrasonography | process of imaging urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves |
| radioisotope scan | image of the kidney after injecting into the blood stream a radioactive substance (radioisotope) that concentrates in the kidney |
| magnetic resonance | a magnetic field and radio waves produce images of the kidney and surrounding structures in all three planes of the body |
| renal biopsy | removal of the kidney for microscopic examination by a pathologist |
| renal transplantation | surgical transfer of a complete kidney from a donor to a recipient |
| urinary catheterization | passage of a flexible tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone-vasopressin |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| BILI | bilirubin |
| CAPD | continnuos albulatory peritoneal dialysis |
| Cath | catheter, catheterization |
| CCPD | continnuos cycling peritoneal dialysis |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| CI- | chloride |
| CRF | chronic renal failure |
| C&S | culture and sensitivity testing |
| cysto | cystoscopic examination |
| ESRD | end stage renal disease |
| HCO3- | bicarbinate |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| IC | interstitial cystitis |
| K+ | potassium |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, and, bladder |
| Na+ | sodium |
| PD | peritoneal dialysis |
| pH | symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity |
| PKD | polycystic kidney disease |
| PKU | phenylketonuria |
| PUL | percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy |
| RP | retrograde pyelogram |
| sp gr | specific gravity |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
| epididymis | an elongated cordlike structure located along the posterior border of the testis; one of a pair of long, thightly coiled tubes on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubles to the vas deferens |
| perineum | external region between the anus and the scrotum in the male |
| prostate gland | exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. The prostate secretes the fluid part of the semen into the urethra during ejaculation |
| seminiferous tubules | narrow, coiled tubles that produce sperm in the testes |
| -pexy | fixation, put in place |
| carcinoma of the testes | malignant tumor of the testicles |
| cryptorchidism | undescended testicles |
| carcinoma of the prostate | malignant tumor of the prostate gland |
| Digital rectal examination | DRE |
| Prostate specific antigen | PSA |
| transrectal ultrasound | TRUS |
| hypospadias | congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip |
| sexually transmitted diseases | STD |
| chlamydial infection | bacterial invasion of the urethra by Chlamydia trachomatis as well as the reproductive tract |
| PSA test | measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood |
| semen analysis | microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid |
| transurethral resection of the prostate | TURP - excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra |
| PVP | photo selective vaporization o the prostate: Greenlight PVP |
| RPR | rapid plasma reagin test; a test for syphilis |
| protatectomy | removal of the prostate gland |
| Androgen | any steroid hormone or substance that promotes masculine traits |
| Aspermia | a lack of formation or emission of semen |
| Azoospermia | condition of no living sperm in the semen |
| Balanitis | inflammation of the glans penis |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | a noncancerous condition, common in men over 50, that is characterized by enlargement of portions of the prostate gland (BPH) |
| Bulbourethral glands | One of two glands situated on each side of the prostate, draining to the urethra and secreting a component of the seminal fluid; Also called Cowper glands |
| Castration | Excision of the gonads or their destruction by radiation or parasites |
| Chancre | the primary lesion of syphilis, occurring at the entry of the site of the infection typically painless and presenting as a small red papule or crusted erosion that exudes a serous fluid, leading to a nontender regional lymphadenopathy |
| Circumcision | surgical removal of all or part of the prepuce, or foreskin |
| Cryogenic surgery | technique for prostate cancer treatment using freezing temperatures to destroy cancer cells |
| Cryptorchidism | a developmental abnormality in which one or both testes fails to descend into the scrotum |
| Ejaculation | a sudden act of expulsion, as of semen from the male urethra |
| Ejaculatory duct | an opening pertaining to ejaculation |
| Embryonal carcinoma | type of malignant tumor of the testes |
| Epididymitis | inflammation of the epididymis |
| Erectile dysfunction | a disorder in which the spongy tissue of the penis is not capable of attaining or maintaining an erection sufficient to perform or complete sexual intercourse |
| Flagellum | a hairlike projection in the tail region of the sperm cell which aids mobility |
| Fraternal twins | two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate egg cells fertilized by two different sperm cells |
| Glans penis | cone-shaped expansion of the corpus spongiosum at the tip of the penis AKA balanus; sensitive tip of the penis |
| Gonorrhea | infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (berry-shaped bacteria), transmitted primarily by sexual contact; commonly asymptomatic in women but marked by males by urethitis with pain and discharge |
| Herpes genitalis | infection caused by type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV); most commonly transmitted by sexual contact and characterized by painful vesicular eruptions of the skin and mucous membranes of the genitalia |
| Human papillomavirus | a virus causing warts of the feet and hands, as well as lesions of the mucous membranes of the anal, oral, and genital cavities; affects both males and females, can be transmitted by sexual contact, and it is a precursor to cancer of the cervix; HPV |
| Hydrocele | a circumcised accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct, especially in the tunica vaginalis of the testicle along the spermatic cord; sac of clear fluid in the scrotum |
| Hypospadias | a congenital developmental anomaly in the male in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis |
| Identical twins | Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos |
| Impotence | lack or power, weakness; lack of copulative power in the male due to the inability to initiate penile erection, to maintain penile erection until ejaculation, or less commonly to ejaculate after achieving an erection AKA erectile dysfunction |
| Ligation | an application of a ligature, any substance used to tie off a vessel or duct or to strangulate a part. |
| Oligospermia | insufficient number of spermatozoa in the semen |
| Orchiectomy | surgical removal of one or both testes AKA orchidectomy or testectomy |
| Orchiopexy | a surgical procedure to fixate and undescended testis in the scrotum AKA orchidopexy |
| Orchitis | inflammation of a testis, characterized by swelling, pain, and a sense of weightiness AKA orchiditis and testitis |
| Parenchyma | the essential distinctive cells of an organ; in the testes, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are the parenchymal tissues;in the kidney it is made up of the cortex and medulla and contains the nephrons |
| Penile | pertaining to the penis |
| Penis | the external male reproductive organ, consisting of a root, body, and glans penis; functions as the organ of copulation and of urinary excretion |
| Penoscrotal | pertaining to the penis and scrotum |
| Phimosis | a narrowing or constricting of the preputial opening that prevents the retraction of the prepuce over the glans penis |
| Photoselective vaporization of the prostate | removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP) |
| Prepuce | fold of skin forming a retractable cover, as in the fold around the clitoris or the foreskin of the penis |
| Prostatectomy | surgical removal of the prostate |
| Prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate |
| Purulent | pus-filled |
| Scrotum | the highly vascular pouch of skin that contains the testes and portions of the spermatic cords |
| Semen | any seed or seedlike fruit; the thick whitish secretion of the reproductive organs in the male, discharged from the urethra on ejaculation, and composed of spermatozoa in their nutrient plasma and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostate, and other glan |
| Seminal vesicles | a pair of pouchlike pyramidial glandular structures attached to the posterior portion of the urinary bladder, the duct of each joining the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct |
| Seminoma | germinal tumors that form in the seminiferous tubules of the testes; most common type of testicular tumor |
| Spermatogenesis | the process of the formation and development of spermatozoa, comprising the stages of spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis |
| Spermatozoa | plural of spermatozoon |
| Spermatozoon | a mature male germ cell that is formed in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and functions as the generative element of the semen, serving to fertilize the ovum and containing the genetic data to be sent to the zygote by the male AKA sperm |
| Spermolytic | to destroy sperm |
| Sterilization | any procedure or process by which a person is rendered incapable of reproduction, such as vasectomy, castration, or salpingectomy |
| Stroma | supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma |
| Syphilis | a subacute to chronic disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum, usually transmitted by sexual contact or passed through the placenta as congenital syphilis; untreated syphilis usually progresses through distinct stages of effects over a period |
| Teratoma | tumors composed of different kinds of tissue, none of which normally occur together; most common in the ovaries or testes |
| Testicular | pertaining to the testes |
| Testicular torsion | a condition, occurring most often during puberty, characterized by a twisting of the spermatic cord; testicular torsion is often considered a surgical emergency because it leads to decrease blood flow to the testes |
| Testis | one of the two egg-shaped male gonads, normally located in the scrotum, that produce testosterone and sperm |
| Testosterone | the major androgenic hormone produced by the Leydig cells of the testes in reaction to excitation by the luteinizing hormone of the adenohypophysis; responsible for spermatogenesis and the development of many male characteristics; also plays a role in sti |
| Variocele | a dilated and distended condition of the pampiniform venous complex of the spermatic cord, resulting in swelling and causing a bluish appearance through the skin of the scrotum marked by a constant dragging, pulling, or dull pain in the scrotum |
| Vas deferens | the excretory duct of the testis, joining with the excretory ducts of the seminal vessel to form the ejaculatory duct AKA ductus deferens |
| Vasectomy | the excision of the vas deferens or a portion of it; performed either as a male sterilization procedure or as a routine operation before removal of the prostate to prevent inflammation of the epididymides and testes |
| Vasovasotomy | a surgical operation to rejoin the ends of the severed vas deferens in an attempt to restore fertility in a male who has previously undergone a vasectomy |
| Andr/o | male |
| Balan/o | glans penis |
| Cry/o | cold |
| Crypt/o | hidden |
| Epididym/o | denoting relationship to the epididymis |
| Gon/o | seed |
| Hydr/o | water |
| Orch/o | testes |
| Orchi/o | testes |
| Orchid/o | testes |
| Pen/o | penis |
| Prostat/o | prostate gland |
| Semin/i | semen or seed |
| Sperm/o | spermatozoa |
| Spermat/o | spermatozoa |
| Terat/o | monster |
| Test/o | testes |
| Varic/o | varicose veins |
| Vas/o | vessel, duct, or the vas deferens |
| Zo/o | animal |
| -ectomy | removal, excision, or resection |
| -gen | producing, forming |
| -genesis | producing, forming |
| -genic | produced by, in |
| -lysis | breakdown, separation, destruction, or loosening |
| -lytic | to reduce, to destroy |
| -one | hormone |
| -plasia | development, formation, growth |
| -rrhea | flow, discharge |
| -stomy | surgical opening |
| -tomy | process of cutting |
| -trophy | nourishment or development |
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