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PH- CH10
DrDavidMcSwane Exam2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is adaptation? | Related to secondary prevention (or preparedness)- efforts to reduce the publich health impact of climate change (prepare for a hurricane). |
| What is albedo? | Low reflectivity; instead absorbs and retains heat, reradiating it at night when it would otherwise be cool (i.e. roads, parking lots, roofs) |
| What is climate change? | Similar to global warming. |
| What is climate variability? | The proper term to describe weather pattern changes over time and from place to place. |
| What are co-benefits? | Having both mitigation and adaptation. |
| What is the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)? | Refers to the year-to-year variationsin sea surface temperatures, surface air pressure, rainfall, and atmospheric circulation across the Pacific Ocean. |
| What is global warming? | The warming of the Earth's surface evaporates soil moisture (drought), melts Arctic & Antarctic ice caps, raising ocean levels and altering ocean currents, altering weather patterns. |
| What are greenhouse gases? examples? | Increases in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). |
| What are harmful algal blooms? | Also known as red tides- its when warm water and nitrogen favor blooms of marine algae (dinoflagellates & diatoms) that release toxins causing acute paralytic, diarrhea, amnesic poisoning in humans and kills fish, shellfish, and marine mammals/birds. |
| What is a heat wave? | Five or more days when temperatures exceed the average maximum by 5^C. |
| What is mitigation? | Refers to primary prevention- efforts to stabilize or reduce the production of greenhouse gases. |
| What is radiative forcing? | Greenhouse gasses with high concentrations are warming the Earth by absorbing and reemitting infrared radiation toward the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface. |
| What are stabilization wedges? | Each wedge is a possible solution to reduce polution, combining wedges increases climate stabilization. |
| What is urban heat island? | When heat is retained or generated as a result of buildings, human and industrial activities, and other factors. |
| What is vulnerability assessment? | To identify likely events, at-risk populations and opportunities to reduce harm. |
| What is the composition of our modern air? | Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% Argon = 0.9% Carbon Dioxide = 0.03% Trace elements (neon, helium, krypton, xenon, hydrogen methane, nitrous oxide). |
| List in order from the lowest to highest regions of the atmosphere. | Troposphere (8-9 miles up) Stratosphere (10-30 miles up) Mesophere (30-50 miles up) bonus: air is diffuse and temperature falls with increasing altitude. |
| What are the largest sources of air pollution? | 1- transportation 2- electric power plants 3- industry- steel plants, oil refineries, etc. |
| What are the 6 major air pollutants the EPA watches? | CO (carbon monoxide), Pb (lead), NO2 (nitrogen oxide), O3 (tropospheric ozone), PM (particle matter), & SOx (sulfur oxide) |
| Diseases caused by air pollution? | Asthma Chronic bronchitis Pulmonary emphysema Fibrotic response- blocking of wall alveoli (asbestos, coal dust) Asphyxiant- lack of oxygen Carcinogens Toxic materials- death of tissues or lung cells. |
Created by:
dustycody
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