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20LogicalFallacies

Mr. Almon's Class (09/20/12)

QuestionAnswer
My opponent's arguments are very impressive, but remember this is the man who deserted his faithful wife and family after he had won his first political victory. Attacking the person/group instead of addressing the issue
But Mom, everyone all the other responsible kids get to stay out until 2:00am, why can't I? (Bandwagon) Appeal to the prejudice of the audience; ultimately, telling the people what they want to hear. And/or trying to prove something by showing that the public agrees with you.
Studies show... My dad says... "to the authority" appeal based on the authority of a source. Look for limited authority, one-sided reporting, small sample pool in study, etc.
Quoting Einstein on politics Citing an expert on one subject as expert on another.
I didnt get my homework done because I fought with my mom. Appeal to the pity/misery of the audience
Tom does not smoke or drink, so he aught to make a good husband. "It does not follow" conclusion is not a logical result of the facts, often a failure in the validity of premises
Doctors use x-rays during operations, so students should use books on tests. Analogy that does not stand up to logic
I worked longer on this essay than any other before, so I should get my best grade ever. "After this, therefore because of it" implying that because one event follows another, the first event caused the second
All men are pigs. Drawing conclusions based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence; using all instances when only some apply: often this is the logical flaw behind racist, sexist, or bigoted statements.
All athletes are bad students because of the whole 'dumb jock' thing. Prejudging an individual based on ideas one has about the group to which the individual belongs
All islamic militants just want to blow up American, so we, obviously, need to see them as a threat. Exaggerates a characteristic of a person or group of people and then uses the exaggeration to dismiss an argument
Women should not be allowed to join mens' clubs because the clubs are for men. writer encourages "begs" readers to accept a conclusion without any support, usually through circular reasoning.
When did you stop beating your wife? A question that implicitly assumes something to be true by its constructions. A question like this is fallacious only if the thing presumed true has not been established
If we ban handguns, we'll end up banning hunting rifles. one step will eventually lead to an undesirable second step.
All banks are beside rivers. Therefore, the financial institution where I deposit my money is beside a river. Using the same term with two or more meanings or referents; fallacy of four terms.
It all boils down to capital punishment being a simple question of protecting society. Obscuring or denying the complexity of an issue.
Asian students should need a higher SAT score to be accepted into this school. Two comparable things are judged according to different standards.
Do you want to go to college or work at McDonald's your whole life? "Black-or-white" or the "false dichotomy" syndrome; those who tent to judge life by a two-valued rather than a multi-valued system.
Do you realize that Delaware passed a bill on the same subject in 1932, but it was ruled unconstitutional for these twenty reasons. Let me list them here.... Stating an idea, or pointing out a detail, that is meant to conceal or mislead.
"I think there is great merit in making the requirements stricter for the graduate students. I recommend that you support it, too. After all, we are in a budget crisis and we do not want our salaries affected." Bringing in an irrelevant point to divert the reader's attention from the main issue being discussed
Ad antiquitum Referencing tradition in history
Ad Nauseum Repetition
Created by: NinjaGotSwag
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