Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Epidemiology Terms
Basic terms and formulas of epidemiology, CU Denver, PH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Proportion of newly developed cases | Incidence |
| Measure of the frequency of an existing outcome at a point in time | Point prevalence |
| Measure of the frequency of an existing outcome during a given period | Period prevalence |
| Measure of the cumulative frequency of an outcome up to the present time | Lifetime prevalence |
| General formula for incidence | number of events in a defined population during a specified time period / population at risk |
| CI For a fixed cohort: | CI = td0/I0 d= # of new events from time 0 to time t. I0 = # of individuals at risk for an event at time 0. |
| CI For a fixed cohort with censoring | CI = td0/(I0-0.5(tc0)) c= # of censored subjects from time 0 to time t. Assumes censoring occurs uniformly from time 0 to t and thus are at risk for ½ the 0 to t time interval. |
| Range of CI | 0-1 |
| As time interval increases, CI approaches | 1 |
| Assumptions of CI (4) | 1) A fixed (closed) cohort. There are some modifications of this assumption that require other assumptions (eg. censoring). 2) Uniformity of events within specified time interval. 3) Independence between censoring and events. 4) Lack of secular trends. |
| Units of CI | No units |
| Cumulative survival | : The cumulative probability of surviving an event over a specified period of time. tq0 = 1 – CI |
| Incidence Density | The instantaneous rate of developing disease (having an event) in a population at risk. Also called incidence rate. |
| Formula for ID | ID = td0/t(person-time)0 |
| Range of Incidence Density | 0 to infinity |
| Units of incidence density | Incidence density is a rate and thus has units of 1/time. |
| Assumptions of Incidence Density | 1) Risk of an event is constant over the observed time interval. 2) Independence between censoring and events. 3) Lack of secular trends. 4) Does not require a fixed (closed) cohort. |
| Incidence Rate based on aggregate data: | Incidence rate = td0/((population0 + populationt)/2) x time) |
| Assumptions of Incidence Rate based on aggregate Data | 1) See incidence density above. 2) Population and demographics relatively stable throughout the time period. |
| Risk | probability of an indidiual developing a given disease over a specified period, conditional on not dying from any other causes during the period. |
Created by:
597856662
Popular Medical sets