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Bonewit Chapter 15
Introduction to the Clinical Laboratory- Hannah McCall
Question | Answer |
---|---|
automated method | a method of laboratory testing in which the series of steps in the test method is performed with an automated analyzer |
fasting | abstaining from food or fluids (except water)for a specified amount of time before the collection of a specimen |
homeostasis | the state in which body systems are functioning normally, and the internal environment of the body is in equilibrium; the body is in a healthy state |
in vivo | occurring in the living body or organism |
laboratory test | the clinical analysis and study of materials, fluids, or tissues obtained from patients to assist in diagnosis and treatment of disease |
manual method | a method of laboratory testing in which the series of steps in the test method is performed by hand |
plasma | the liquid part of the blood, consisting of a clear, yellowish fluid that comprises approximately 55% of the total blood volume |
profile | numerous laboratory tests providing related or complementary information used to determine the health status of a patient |
quality control | the application of methods to ensure that test results are reliable and valid and that errors are detected and eliminated |
routine test | a laboratory test performed routinely on apparently healthy patients to assist in the early detection of disease |
serum | the clear, straw-colored part of the blood (plasma) that remains after the solid elements and the clotting factor fibrinogen have been separated out of it |
specimen | a small sample of something taken to show the nature of the whole |
analyte | a substance that is being identified or measured in a laboratory report |
calibration | a mechanism to check the precision and accuracy of a test system, such as an automated analyzer, to determine if the system is providing accurate results; typically performed using a device called a standard |
clinical diagnosis | a tentative diagnosis of a patient`s condition through evaluation of the health history and the PE, without the benefit of laboratory or diagnostic tests |
control | a solution that is used to monitor a test system to ensure the reliability and accuracy of test results |
nonwaived test | a complex lab test that does not meet the CLIA criteria for waiver and is subject to the CLIA regulations |
product insert | a printed document supplied by the manufacturer with a laboratory test product that contains information on the proper storage and use of the product |
qualitative test | a test that indicates whether or not a substance is present in the specimen being tested and also provides an approximate indication of the amount of the substance |
quantitative test | a test that indicated the exact amount of a chemical substance that is present in the body, with the results being reported in measurable units |
reagent | a substance that produces a reaction with a patient specimen that allows detection of measurement of the substance by the test system |
reference range | a certain established and acceptable parameter or reference range within which the laboratory test results of a healthy individual are expected to fall (aka reference value and reference interval) |
test system | a setup that includes all of the test components required to perform a laboratory test such as testing devices, controld and testing reagents |
waived test | a laboratory test that meets the CLIA criteria for being a simple procedure that is easy to perform and has a low risk or erroneous test results; these have been FDA approved for home use |