med term CH 9-12 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Lymphatic system | alternative system of the cardiovascular system cleansing, returning, defending, providing a pathway |
Immune system | Lymphatic system is used with this system |
-poiesis | generation of |
bone marrow | creates white blood cells and red blood cells |
erthr/o | red, blood |
thromb/o | clot |
-cytes | cells |
plasma | watery stuff blood cells float in |
lymphaden/o | lymph nodes, lymph glands |
physical barriers | skin |
mechanical barriers | cough, sneeze |
chemical barriers | body can produce chemicals like mucus to keep out and fight when inside |
phagocytosis | surrounds and eats infection |
-globulins | immune system proteins |
first level defense | mechanical, outer barrier to protect body |
coagulation | the body ability to clot |
-philia | tendency toward, condition of attraction |
-emia | blood |
-osis | to much of |
-meglia | enlargement |
acute | body no longer producing the problem but it can come back |
Hodgkin lymphoma | one type of cancer cell affecting the lymphatic system |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | more than one type of cancer cell affecting the lymphatic system |
-lytic | destruction of |
vole/o | volume |
-apheresis | removal of |
plateles | thromb/o, clot |
adenoid | tonsils |
-otomy | cut into |
-statics | hold still |
-poietic | formative |
-plastics | formation of |
coron/o | arteries that feed the heart |
atria | upper chambers of the heart |
brady- | slow |
tachy- | fast |
Aorta valve | biggest valve in the heart |
Vena cavae | biggest vein in the heart |
failure | not working like it needs to |
ortho/static | ortho- muscleskeletal system, movement of body |
ather/o | plaque buildup |
granul/o | little grain |
morph/o | shape, form |
immun/o | safety, protection |
eosin/o | rosy, dawn-colored |
phag/o | eat, swallow |
-stasis | controlling, stopping |
-poiesis | formation |
-lysis | breakdown |
-poietin | forming substance |
-phil | attraction |
-globin | protein substance |
-gen | producing |
-siderin | iron substance |
Hgb, HB, HG | hemoglobin |
Hg | mercury |
neutr/o | neutral |
bas/o | base |
PMNs | granulocytes, polymorphonucleocytes |
PMN | neutrophil referred to as polymorph |
cyt/o | cell |
cyst/o | bladder |
hemostasis | control of blood flow |
homeostasis | steady state |
agglutin/o | clumping |
macro- | large |
axill/o | armpit |
inguni/o | groin |
thym/o | thymus |
thyr/o | thyroid |
interstit/o | space between |
pyr/o | fire, fever |
-exia | condition |
humor/o | liquid |
-leukin | white substance |
-in | substance |
sider/o | iron |
-penia | deficiency of |
-cytosis | abnormal condition of cells |
-ism | condition |
non-Hodgkin lymphoma | collection of all lymphatic cancers except Hodgkin lymphoma |
ALL | acute lymphocytic leukemia, rapid form of leukemia developing from immature lymphocytes |
CLL | chronic lymphocytic leukemia, slow form of leukemia with proliferation of immature lymphocytes |
CML | chronic myelogenous leukemia, slow form of leukemia with proliferation of immature bone marrow |
multiple myeloma | plasma cell dyscrasia, tumors found in many bones |
AML | acute myelogenous leukemia, rapid form of leukemia with proliferation of immature bone marrow |
Hodgkin lymphoma | cancer of lymphatic system detected by presence of Reed-Sternberg cells |
Coombs antiglobulin | HDN, transfusion reaction |
HDN | hemolytic disease of the newborn |
Schilling test | pernicious anemia |
PTT | partial thromboplastin time, hemophilia |
PCV | packed-cell volume, percentage of RBCs |
monospot | infectious mononulceosis |
ESR | erthrocyte sedimentation rate, if increased inflammation indicated |
blood culture | microorganisms |
WBC | white blood cell (count) |
Western blot | HIV |
Hct | hematocrit aka packed cell volume |
ELISA | test to detect HIV 1 & 2 |
MCH | mean corpuscular hemoglobin, anemia |
MCHC | mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, response to anemia treatment |
allergy test | hypersensitivity |
PT | prothrombin time, determines cause of bleeding |
autotransfusion | donor is transfused with his own blood from an active bleeding site |
autologous transfusion | donor is reinfused with her own stored blood |
homologous bone transplant | transplantation of healthy bone marrow from donor |
autologous bone transplant | harvesting of patients own bone marrow to be reintroduced later |
adenoid | pharyngeal tonsils |
EBV | Epstein-Barr virus |
AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
CMP | comprehensive metabolic panel |
BMT | bone marrow transplant |
coron/o | heart |
ox/i, ox/o | oxygen |
capn/o | carbon dioxide |
pulmon/o | lung |
vas/o, vascul/o, angi/o | vessel |
aort/o | aorta, largest artery in heart |
atri/o | atrium, upper chamber of heart |
sept/o | septum, wall between chambers of heart |
valvul/o | valve |
ventricul/o | ventricle, small cavity or chamber, lower chamber of heart |
cordi/o | heart |
arteri/o | artery, vessel that carries blood away from the body |
e- | out |
-um | structure |
ject/o | throwing |
-ion | process of |
con- | together |
tract/o | pull |
pariet/o | parietal, wall outside heart |
palpation | examination by touch |
palpebration | blinking |
palpitation | racing heart |
claudication | cramplike pain in legs |
syncope | fainting |
diaphoresis | profuse sweating |
murmur | abnormal heart sound of gentle blowing, fluttering, humming |
thrill | fine vibration felt on palpation |
ischemia | decreased blood supply |
pallor | paleness of the skin |
-pnea | breathing |
cyan/o | blue |
SOB | shortness of breath |
stenosis | narrowing |
sclerosis | hardening |
infarcation | tissue death |
infraction | breaking |
tens/o | stretching |
hyper/tens/ion | process of excessive stretching, high blood pressure |
-tomy | incision |
echo | sound |
sclero/o | hard |
-theraphy | treatment |
sclero/therpahy | hard treatment, treatment by hardening veins |
athero/ectomy | removal of plaque from the coronary artery |
-centesis | surgical puncture |
TEE | transesophageal echocardiogram, ultrasound procedure to examine the heart through the esophagous |
MI | myocardial infarction, heart attack |
ASD | atrial septal defect, hole between top chambers of the heart |
TV | tricuspid valve, valve on the right side of the heart |
ECC | extracorporeal circulation, circulation of blood outside the body during surgery |
MV | mitral valve, valve on the left side of the heart |
EST | exercise stress test, noninvasive test that indicates possible artery blockage |
RA | rheumatoid arthritis, upper right chamber of the heart |
AS | aortic stenosis, narrowing of the largest artery in the body |
AV | atrioventricular, pertaining to the upper and lower chambers of the heart |
edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues |
pulmonary congestion | excessive amount of blood in the lung tissue |
venous distension | condition of enlarged, swollen veins |
auscultation | listening for sounds within the body |
bruit | abnormal sound heard from heart murmur |
tetralogy of Fallots | 4 defects |
patent | open |
PDA | patent ductus arteriosus |
coarctation | deformed aortic media, causing narrowing of the lumen of the vessel |
normal sinus rhythm | normal heart rate |
flutter | rapid heart rate with regular rhythm 250-350 bpm |
fibrillation | extremely rapid and irregular heart rhythm |
atrial ectopic beats are the same as what? | premature arterial contractions |
premature ventricular contractions are the same as what? | ventricular ectopic beats |
myocardial infarction | artery becomes blocked and part of the heart muscle dies |
what are the similarities of the esophageal varices and hemorrhoids? | both are dilated veins |
Holter monitor | portable EKG to gather heart activity during daily activities |
what is measured in a lipid profile? | cholesterol and triglycerides |
CPK | creatine phosphokinase, enzymes released during myocardial infarction |
LDH | lactate dehydrogenase, enzymes released during myocardial infarction |
-ase | enzyme |
digital subtraction angiography | subtracts background structures to image vessels |
echocardiography | ultrasound tech. also used to create images of the heart |
posteroanterior and lateral chest x-rays are used for determining what about the heart? | size and shape |
Swan-Ganz catheter | used to monitor left ventricular function |
sphygmomanometer | instrument to measure blood pressure |
cardiac pacemaker | device that assists the heart to maintain a normal rhythm |
MIDCAB | minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass |
CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
commissur/o | connection |
what does commissurotomy correct? | mithral stenosis |
what mechanical device when inserted into lower chamber helps a weakened heart? | left ventricular assist device |
ligation | tying |
radio frequency catheter ablation | procedure that destroys abnormal electrical pathways in the heart |
what is sclerotheraphy correct? | varicose veins |
PACAB | port-access coronary artery bypass, heart is stopped during surgery |
beta-blockers | drugs that lessen the heart rate and force of the heart beat by decreasing nerve impulses |
anticoagulants | drug that prevent blood clots |
calcium channel blockers | drugs that slow the flow of calcium to smooth muscle cells causing arterial relaxation |
ACE inhibitors | drugs that relax blood vessels by preventing the formation of vasoconstrictor angiotensin 2 |
antiarrhytmic drugs | restores normal sinus rhythm |
thrombolytics | drugs that dissolve clots |
antianginals, nitrates | drugs that relax blood vessels and reduce myocardinal oxy.consumption to lessen pain of angina pectoris |
diuretics | drugs that help the body form and excrete urine, also used to treat hypertension and CHF |
CHF | congestive heart failure |
TDNTG | transdermal nirtoglycerin |
CAD | coronary artery disease |
PTCA | percutaneous transluminal coronary angiopplasty |
LCA | left coronary artery |
paroxysmal artial tachycardia | contractions of the upper chambers of the heart |
stern/o | sternum, breastbone |
ECG | electrocardiographic |
hemorrhoids | varicose veins in the rectum |
spir/o | breathe |
-atory | pertaining to |
-ation | process of |
ex- | out |
nas/o | nose |
trache/o | trachea, windpipe goes down and splits in two |
laryng/o | larynx, voicebox |
pharyng/o | pharynx, hollow tube that starts from behind the nose and and ends at the top of the windpipe |
epiglott/o | epiglottis, flap of cartilage at the opening to the voicebox |
mediastin/o | mediastinum, space between the lungs |
thorac/o | chest |
steth/o | chest |
pector/o | chest |
bronchiol/o | tiny branch of air tubes within the lungs that is a continuation of the bronchus |
bronch/o, bronchi/o | bronchus, large air tube that begins at the end of the windpipe and branches into the lungs |
alveol/o | alveolus, Small air sacs or cavities in the lung that give the tissue a honeycomb appearance and expand its surface area for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
pneum/o, pneumon/o | lung |
lob/o, lobul/o | lobe, sections in the lungs |
pleur/o | pleural cavity, one of the two membranes around the lungs |
viscer/o | viscera, internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest or abdomen |
pariet/o | wall |
phren/o | diaphragm,the muscle that separates the chest (thoracic) cavity from the abdomen |
branchi/o | arm |
-dynia | pain |
eu- | good |
-thorax | chest pleural cavity, membrane surrounding lungs |
mantoux skin test | test for tuberculosis |
ABG | arterial blood gases, blood test to measure oxygen and carbon dioxide |
what test diagnoses cystic fibrosis | sweat test |
pulmonary angiography | imaging technique that shows the flow of blood through vessels of the lungs |
CXR | chest x-ray |
RML | right middle lobe |
PPD | purified protein derivative |
URI | upper respiratory infection |
COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
DOE | dyspena on exertion |
coni/o | dust |
epistaxis | bloody nose |
phon/o | sound |
Cheyne-Stokes respiration | abnormal breathing marked by apnea, deep rapid breathing |
wheezing | whistling sound heard during breathing out |
sputum | material coughed up from lungs and expectorated through mouth |
stridor | high-pitched sound from the larynx when breathing in |
clubbing | blunting of distal phalanges seen in advanced chronic pulmonary disease |
deviated septum | deflection of the nasal septum that may obstruct the nasal passages and result in infection |
hyp/ox/ia | deficient oxygen in the tissues |
rhonchi | rumbling sound heard when breathing in usually caused by thick secretions or contractions of airways |
myc/o | fungus |
multi-drug resistant | type of chronic bacterial lung infection resistant to drugs |
croup | acute viral infection of early childhood marked by stridor |
TB | tuberculosis, infection of the respiratory system caused by acid-fast bacillus |
pleurisy | inflammation of one or two of the membranes that surrounds the lungs |
atel/ectasis | collasped lung or lung segment |
ausculation and percussion | diagnostic technique that means listening and tapping |
another term for endoscopy of space between the lungs | mediastinoscopy |
PFT | plumonary function test |
patients with hypoxia that need medical assistant can be placed on? | ventillator |
oxygen administered through the a tube in the nose called? | nasal cannula |
antitussive | drug to treat severe cough caused by upper respiratory infection and to help sleeping |
antihistamine | used to treat allergies |
inhaler | bronchodilators are administered with this |
CTA | clear to auscultation |
AP | anteroposterior |
inspiratory | breathing in |
effusion | escape of a fluid into a part |
neur/o | nerve cell that looks like a star |
somat/o | body |
-on | structure |
dendr/o | dendrite, projections from the cell body looks like a tree |
efferent | carry away |
afferent | carry toward |
BBB | blood-brain barrier or bundle branch block |
-glia | glue |
astr/o | star |
micro- | small |
encephal/o | brain |
cerebr/o | cerebrum, the main portion of the brain, occupying the upper part of the cranial cavity |
cerebell/o | cerebellum, portion of the brain that is in the back of the head, between the cerebrum and the brain stem |
myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
cord/o, chord/o, myel/o | spinal cord |
mening/o, meningi/o | meninges, The three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord |
rhiz/o, radicul/o | nerve root, point where the nerve attaches to spine |
dur/o | duro mater, outermost, toughest of the three meninges (membranes) of the brain and spinal cord |
dermatome | instrument to cut layers of the skin or mesodermal layer in early deveolpment |
synapse | A specialized junction at which a neural cell (neuron) communicates with a target cell |
axon | A long fiber of a nerve cell (a neuron) that acts somewhat like a fiber-optic cable carrying outgoing (efferent) messages |
dysarthria | difficulty with speech |
dysarthrosis | any disorder of a joint |
osm/o | sense of smell |
vertigo | dizziness |
athetosis | slow, writhing movement of the extremities |
aura | premonition |
fasciculation | involuntary contraction of small muscles |
hypokinesia | decrease in normal movement |
paresthesia | prickling or burning feeling |
geus/o | taste |
gnos/o | knowledge |
somn/o | sleep |
phag/o | eat |
phas/o | speech |
hematoma | mass of blood that has leaked out of a vessel and pooled |
-fida | split |
MS | musculoskeletal system, mithral stenosis, multiple sclerosis |
-plegia | paralysis |
para- | abnormal |
-paresis | slight paralysis |
di- | two |
en- | in |
encephal/o | brain |
giat assessment rating scale | used to measure walking abnormalities |
cerebrospinal fluid analysis | examination of fluid from the central nervous system |
CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
aspiration of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic purposes is? | lumbar puncture or spinal tap |
Babinski sign | finding that indicates loss of Achilles tendon reflex |
multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) | used to diagnose narcolepsy |
cerebral angiography | x-ray study of of cerebral arteries |
single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | injection of radioactive sugar substance to scan for abnormalities |
positron emission tomography | use of radionuclides to visulaize brain function |
TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
sympath/o | to feel with |
rhiz/o | nerve root, spinal nerve root |
rhizotomy | excision of a dorsal nerve root |
cord/o | spinal cord |
nerve block | anesthesia to prevent sensory impulses from reaching the central nervous system |
CSF stunt | tube in brain to relieve pressure of cerebrospinal fluid |
C1-C8 | cervical nerves |
PSG | polysomnography, sleep study |
ADL | activities of daily living |
CVA | cerebrovascular accident, blood vessels in brain ruptures and bleeds into brain |
dysarthria | slurring of speech after brain attack |
Alzheimer disease (AD) | the most common cause of dementia, progressive neurodegenerative disease with impairment of cognitive functions |
ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis aka Lou Gehrig disease |
quadriplegia | paralysis from the neck down |
dyslexia | inability or difficulty with reading or writing |
narco/lepsy | sudden seizures of sleep |
Huntington disease | inherited disorder resulting in dementia and progressive loss of neural control beginning in adulthood |
migraine | headache of vascular origin |
epilepsy | recurring seizures, sensory disturbances, abnormal behavior, loss of consciousness |
echoencephalography | sonogram of brain usually only done on newborns |
brain scan | nuclear medicine to localize and identify intracranial masses |
computed tomography (CT) | imaging technique to diagnose strokes, edema, tumors |
DTR | deep tendon reflex, assists in the diagnosis of stroke |
stereotaxic radiosurgery | uses radiowaves to localize structures with 3-D spaces |
anticonvulsants | treats epilepsy |
anesthetics | drugs that cause loss of feeling or sensation |
hypnotics | drugs that promote sleep |
analgesics | drugs that relieve pain such as aspirin |
EEG | electroencephalogram |
L1-L5 | lumbar nerves |
shuffling gait | short steps with minimal flexing and toes dragging |
nonautoimmune acquired hemolytic anemia | may be drug induced or caused by infectious disease |
autoimmune acquired hemolytic anemia | caused by body's destruction of its on red blood cells (RBC) by serum antibodies |
thalassemia | type of anemia inherited by African American, Mediterranean, Southeast Asian |
sickle-cell anemia | inherited malformation of the red blood cells |
hemophilia | group of disorders with inherited lack of a factor necessary for blood to clot |
mononucleosis | disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus |
lypmhedema | accumulation of lymphatic fluid |
dyscrasia | blood disorders |
allergy | hypersensitivity to a normally nonpathogenic substance |
anaphylaris | extreme allergic response |
mean corpuscular hemoglobin | test to determine whether patient has anemia |
coombs antiglobulin test | hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), transfusion reaction |
septic- | infection |
diff count | the number of each type of white blood cells |
prothrombin time | clotting problems are measure with this |
-crit | to seperate |
monospot | test for mononucleosis |
apheresis | separation of blood into components |
-coagulants | blood clots |
AZT, efavirenz | antiretroviral drug used to combat AIDS |
cytotoxic agents | drugs used as antineoplastics or immunosuppressants with cell-damaging properties |
CBC | complete blood cell count |
Rh factors | Rhesus factors, a blood group antigen possessed by Rh-positive people |
purpura | massive hemorrhaging under the skin |
pyrexia | fever |
cost/o | muscles, around the ribs |
-ptysis | spitting |
rales | sound heard when breathing in |
OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
ARF | acute respiratory failure, situation causing respiratory system to not work properly |
CWP | coal workers pneumo/coni/osis, abnormal condition of dust in the lungs |
abscess | pocket of infection, bacteria will eat tissue and leave behind mush |
RSV | respiratory synctyial virus, usually seen in infants and older people |
SARS | severe acute respiratory syndrome, bird flu example of this |
papill/o | papilla, finger like projections |
NSCLC | non-small cell lung cancer |
hist/o | tissue |
SCLC | small cell lung cancer |
respiratory system | breathing and gas exchange |
peak flow meter | how much movement of air exists |
somnography | sleep study |
PPB | positive-pressure breathing, machine is breathing for the patient |
CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure, keep things open and wings patient off of machine breathing for them |
rebreathing mask | bag attached to face mask |
nervous system | conducts message traffic |
CNS | central nervous system the brain and spinal cord |
PNS | peripheral nervous system the cranial and spinal nerves |
somatic | things body voluntary does you have to think about it |
terminal fibers | nerves at the end |
diencephalon | center of the brain |
cortex | outside of |
medull/o | medulla, middle of |
sympathetic | ramp up |
parasympathetic | relax bring back to normal |
TIA | transient ischemic attack |
para/plegia | two parts paralyzed |
cytoma, blastoma | malignant tumor |
GARS | gait assessment rating scale, walking |
LP | lumbar puncture, removing fluid from spine for analysis |
TENS | trancutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
HF | heart failure |
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