Inheritance Word Scramble

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Inheritance

Molecular Basis of; chapter 16 Campbell 7e Biology key terms

term	definition
transformation	change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA; horizontal gene transfer
bacteriophages; phages	viruses that infect bacteria
double helix	presence of two strands in DNA
semiconservative model	is accepted today; says that one of strand of the parent molecule pairs with a newly synthesized strand
origins of replication	where the replication of DNA begins
replication fork	the end of a replication bubble, a "Y" shaped region where the new strands of DNA are elongating
DNA polymerase	an enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of DNA at the replication fork
leading strand	DNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction toward replication fork; requires only the DNA polymerase III
lagging strand	DNA is synthesized in 5' to 3' direction away from replication fork
Ozaki fragments	the lagging strand is assembled in pieces named for their discoverer
primer	the initial, short nucleotide chain that initiates DNA synthesis
DNA ligase	an enzyme that binds Ozaki fragments together through dehydration
primase	an enzyme that can start an RNA chain from scratch
helicase	an enzyme that unwinds DNA at the replication fork
topoisomerase	relieves the srain that is created as DNA is unwound
single-strand binding protein	bind to the DNA strands to stabilize them until they are used as templates for new DNA synthesis
mismatch repair	cells use special enzymes to fix incorrectly paired nucleotides
nuclease	an enzyme that cuts DNA where repairs need to be made
nucleotide excision repair	DNA polymerase and ligase repair the gap by this method
telomeres	nucleotide sequences at the ends of DNA that protect it from eroding
telomerase	an enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres

Created by: allysav on 2007-07-17