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Rivers and Waves Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Weathering	the process in which rocks are broken up by the action of water, the atmosphere, and organisms
Erosion	the process by which earth materials are moved by natural agents like moving water, wind and ice
Deposition	a collection of eroded material such as deposits of sand, dirt, or pebbles
Chemical Weathering	the breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals are changed into different substances
Mechanical weathering	disintegration that takes place when rock is broken into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition
Abrasion	the wearing away of rock by grinding action
gradient	a change in elevation over distance
oxbow lake	water remaining in an isolated meander in a flood plain
meander	a wide curve in a stream channel
mouth	the end of a river where it joins a lake or ocean
source	the place from which something comes
bed	the bottom of the river
banks	the sides of the river
delta	the fan shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a stream
waterfall	a steep descent of water from a height
Back swamps	swamps that form in the lowest areas of flood plains
plunge pool	a deep pool created by a waterfall
stream load	the sediments carried by a stream
rejuvenate	to make a river younger
flood plain	part of the valley floor that may be covered with water during a flood
Cut bank	the outer curve of a meander
point bar	the inside of a meander where deposition occurs
tributary	a small stream of water that feeds a river
sand bar	the long ridge of sand collected where water slows down
Velocity	the speed and direction of water flow
terrace	is a “staircase” carved out by water when a river is changing gradient.
sea cliff	a cliff formed at a shoreline by wave erosion undercutting rock followed by a collapse.
sea cave	an opening in a sea cliff due to erosion
sea arch	a sea cave that has been eroded all the way through, so there is an entrance and an exit.
sea stack	a sea arch that has collapsed in the middle
bay	a small gulf
longshore current	a current that runs parallel to the beach and moves sand down the beach
Swash	the motion of water pushed up a beach by breaking waves
Backwash	is a gentle current of water that runs down a beach slope under an upcoming wave
sandbar	a long ridge of sand collected where water slows down
Spit	a line of sand that is attached to land
sea wall	a wall or embankment to protect the shore from erosion or to act as a break water
Riprap rock	rocks put in a sea cave to slow the erosion of sea cliffs
jetty	a wall that causes a buildup of sand due to a longshore current
Fetch	an area of open ocean that a wave travels across