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Barnett - Fossils Word Scramble

 
 

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Question Answer
fossilevidence or remains of once-living plants or animals
unaltered hard parta bone or shell that has not undergone change since the organism's death
altered hard partorganic material is replaced with minerals
petrifiedturned to stone
moldimpression left by an organism - a leaf or shell for example
castmold is filled with minerals
index fossilused to correlate rock layers; easily recognized, abundant, and widespread geographically
trace fossilindirect evidence of life, like a footprint
stratigraphythe study of rock layers and the fossils they contain
uniformitarianismforces and processes that we observe today have been at work for a very long time
original horizontalitysediments are laid down in horizontal layers
superpositionin undisturbed bedrock, the oldest rocks are at the bottom and the youngest rocks are on the top
cross-cutting relationshipintrusion, folding, or fault is younger than the rock it cuts across
unconformityburied surface of erosion
relative ageputs the age of materials in order; puts events in a sequence
absolute agegives the actual age of a material
isotopeatom that has a different number of neutrons in its nucleus than normal
half lifethe amount of time it takes for half the parent material to decay to daughter material
parent materialthe original, unstable isotope
daughter materialthe stable isotope that results from radioactive decay
radioactive decayspontaneous breakdown of nuclei of unstable isotopes
radiometric datingusing the process of radioactive decay to find the absolute date of a material
radiocarbon datingfinding the absolute age of a once-living organism using the carbon 14 decay process
dendrochronologytree ring dating