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Arterial Blood Gases Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Normal pH	7.35-7.45
Normal PCO2	35-45
Normal HCO3	22-26
Alkalosis pH	>7.45
Acidosis pH	<7.35
PCO2 >45	respiratory acidosis
PCO2 <35	respiratory alkalosis
HCO3 >26	metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 <22	metabolic acidosis
If PCO2 between 35-45 then	No respiratory problems and no respiratory compensation for metabolic problems
if HCO3 between 22-26 then	No primary metabolic problems and the kidneys are not compensating for respiratory problems
If PCO2 >45 then	Respiratory retention of CO2 to compensate for metabolic alkalosis
If PCO2 <35 then	Respiratory retention of CO2 to compensate for metabolic acidosis
If HCO3 <22 then	Kidneys are attempting to compensate for respiratory alkalosis
If HCO3 >26 then	Kidneys are attempting to compensate for repiratory acidosis
Causes of respiratory alkalosis	Alveolar hyperventilation
Causes of respiratory acidosis	Alveolar hypoventilation
Causes of metabolic alkalosis	Bicarbonate ingestion, vomiting, diuretics, steroids, adrenal disease
Causes of metabolic acidosis	Diabetic, lactic, or uremic acidosis, prolonged diarrhea
Signs/Symptoms of respiratory alkalosis	Dizziness, syncope, tingling, numbness, early tetany
Signs/Symptoms respiratory acidosis	Early: anxiety, restlessness, dyspnea, headache; Late: confusion, somnolence, coma
Signs/Symptoms metabolic alkalosis	Vague symptoms: weakness, mental dullness, possible early tetany
Signs/Symptoms metabolic acidosis	Secondary hyperventilation (Kussmaul's breathing), nausea and vomiting, cardiac dysrhythmias, lethargy, and coma
7.35- 7.45	normal ph
35 -45	normal CO2
22-26	normal HCO3