HY Neuro Part 1 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
What is the MC brain tumor? | Metastases |
What are the 3 MC primary brain tumors in adults? | Glioblastoma multiforme, Meningioma, and Schwannoma |
What are the 3 MC primary brain tumors in children? | Astrocytoma, Medulloblastoma, and Ependymoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: pseudopalisading necrosis | Glioblastoma multiforme |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: polycythemia | Hemangioblastoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Neurofibromatosis type II | Schwannoma (to remember which neurofibromatosis syndrome, just think of wearing II earrings b/c you have II ears) |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: a/w von Hippel-Lindau syndrome | Hemangioblastoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: foamy cells, high vascularity | Hemangioblastoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Prolactinemia--> galactorrhea, amenorrhea, anovulation | Prolactinoma (pituitary adenoma) |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Psammoma bodies | Meningioma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Fried egg appearance | Oligodendroglioma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Perivascular pseudorosettes | Ependymoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Bitemporal hemianopia | Pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma (in kids) |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: worst prognosis of any primary brain tumor | Glioblastoma multiforme |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Child with hydrocephalus | Ependymoma and medulloblastoma |
Which primary brain tumor fits the following description?: Homer-Wright pseudorosettes | Medulloblastoma |
Which seizure is this: localized and specific area of brain? | Partial |
Which seizure is this: no alteration of consciousness? | Simple |
Which seizure is this: Altered consciousness? | Complex |
Which seizure is this: affects entire brain? | Generalized |
What are the MCC of seizures in children? | Genetic, infection (febrile), trauma, congenital, and metabolic |
What is the classic "Charcot's triad" seen in MS? | Scanning speech, intention tremor, and nystagmus |
Name that headache!: aura, nausea and vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, lasts 24-48 hours | Migraine |
Having an aura with a migraine prevents patients from taking what popular prescription drugs? | OCPs |
Name that headache!: unilateral, can last 30min to several hours, relieved with oxygen administration, may have Horner's-type symptoms (ptosis, miosis), and rhinorrhea on ipsilateral side | Cluster headaches |
Name that headache!: bilateral steady pain lasting more than 30min, not aggravated by light or noise, no aura | Tension headache |
What allele is assoc'd with Alzheimer's disease? | APP on chromosome 21= early onset; Apo E4 allele on chromo 19= late onset (Apo E2 on chromo 19 is protective against Alzheimer's) |
Why is Alzheimer's so common in patients with Down syndrome? | B/c the APP gene is located on chromosome 21, and Down patients have 3 copies of this chromosome. |
A woman presents with headache, visual disturbance, and amenorrhea. What is the diagnosis? | Pituitary adenoma |
A 43 yo man presents with symptoms of dizziness and tinnitus. CT shows enlarged internal acoustic meatus. What is the diagnosis? | Acoustic Schwannoma |
A child exhibits proximal m weakness and enlarged calves. What is the disease, and how is it inherited? | DMD; X-linked (X-linked diseases: Fabry's Tale: Duchenne the Muscular HUNTER BRUTally Lysed the Albino Gopher without being aWAre it was a FRAGILE Hemophiliac) |
A 25yo female presents with sudden uniocular vision loss and slightly slurred speech. She has a history of weakness and paresthesias that have resolved. What is the diagnosis? | Multiple Sclerosis |
A 10yo child spaces out in class (stops talking mid-sentence) and then continues as if nothing had happened. During the spells, there is slight quivering of lips. What is the diagnosis? | Absence seizure |
A patient presents with vertigo + tinnitus + hearing loss. What is the diagnosis? | Meniere's disease |
Which endogenous agonist matches the following opioid receptor?: dynorphin | Kappa |
Which endogenous agonist matches the following opioid receptor?: morphine | Mu |
Which endogenous agonist matches the following opioid receptor?: enkephalin | Delta |
Which medication fits the following description?: opioid cough suppressant | Dextromethorphan |
Which medication fits the following description?: opioid used in the treatment of diarrhea | Loperamide and diphenoxylate |
Which medication fits the following description?: opioid commonly used in the treatment of acute heart failure | Morphine (LMNOP: Loop diuretics like furosemide, Morphine, Nitrates, Oxygen, Pressors/Positioning) |
Which medication fits the following description?: opioid receptor antagonist | Naloxone, naltrexone |
Which medication fits the following description?: non-addictive weak opioid agonist | Tramadol |
Which medication fits the following description?: partial opioid agonist that causes less respiratory depression | Butorphanol |
What 5 drug classes are used to treat glaucoma? | Alpha agonists, beta blockers, diuretics (mannitol, acetazolamide), cholinomimetics, and prostaglandins (-prost drugs) |
What drugs are known for causing Steven's Johnson syndrome? | Sulfa drugs, seizure drugs, -cillins, and allopurinol |
How is barbiturate overdose managed? | Symptomatically |
How is benzo overdose managed? | Flumazenil |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: IV a/w hallucinations and bad dreams | Ketamine |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: inhaled, SE nephrotoxic | Methoxyflurane (methoxy is nephrotoxy! yeah baby!) |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: IV , MC drug used for endoscopy | Midazolam (+ an opioid like fentanyl) |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: inhaled, SE convulsions/seizures | Enflurane |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: inhaled, SE hepatotoxic | Halothane |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: IV, used for rapid anesthesia induction and short procedures | Propofol |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: inhaled, used for rapid anesthesia | nitric oxide |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: IV, decreases cerebral blood flow (important in brain surgery) | BARBIturates like thiopental (BARBIe is dumb b/c she has decreased cerebral blood flow) |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: IV, does not induce histamine release like morphine | Fentanyl |
Which anesthetic fits the following description?: high triglyceride content increases risk of pancreatitis with long-term use | Propofol |
What agents are used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease? | Bromocriptine, Amantadine, L-Dopa + carbidopa, Selegiline, Antimuscarinics (Benztropine)= BALSA |
What side effects are common to most all of the anti-epileptics? | Diplopia, sedation, ataxia, nystagmus, and dizziness |
What are the toxic SE of phenytoin? | Hirsuitism, gingival hyperplasia, fetal hydantoin syndrome, drug-induced lupus, SJS, and CYP-450 induction |
What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene? | Blocks Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics? | Block Na channels |
Which n fibers are blocked first with local anesthesia? | Small myelinated fibers (small myelinated first-> small unmyelinated-> large myelinated-> large unmyelinated last) |
What drug can be used to reverse the neuromuscular blockade? | Neostigmine is the prototype drug |
What is the mechanism of action of the drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease? | Memantine is an NMDA receptor ANTAGonist (helps prevent excitotoxicity; mediated by Ca) and donezepil, galantamine, and rivastigmine are all AChE inhibitors (problem with AD is that they don't have enough ACh). |
What is the mechanism of action of sumatriptan? | Serotonin 1B/1D receptor agonist that causes vasoconstriction (headaches are caused by vasodilation; think of blood filling up spaces in the brain causing pressure and pain) |
For what populations is sumatriptan contraindicated? | Pregnant women, people with CAD, and people with Prinzmetal's angina |
Created by:
sarah3148
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