Hy - FA Rapid Review Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Actinic (solar) keratosis | squamous cell carcinoma |
Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury | Cushings ulcer (increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion) |
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns | curling’s ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa) |
Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon | skip lesions (Crohn’s disease: autoimmune) |
Aneurysm, dissecting | HTN |
Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta | atherosclerosis |
Aortic aneurysm, ascending | Tertiary syphilis |
Atrophy of the mammillary bodies | Wernicke’s encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and confusion) |
Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage) | sickle cell anemia (HbS) |
Bacteremia/pneumonia (IV drug user) | S. aureus |
Bacteria associated with stomach cancer | H. pylori |
Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly) | S. pneumoniae |
Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids) | Group B streptococcus (newborns), S. pneumoniae/N. meningitides (kids) |
Benign melanocytic nevus | spitz nevus (most common in first two decades) |
Bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency | Bernard-soulier disease (defect in platelet adhesion) |
Brain tumor (adults) | supratentorial: mets > astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme) > meningioma > schwannoma |
Brain tumor (kids) | infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma (cerebrum) |
Breast Cancer | infiltrating ductal carcinoma (in th US, 1 in 9 women will develop breast CA) |
Breast mass | 1. Fibrocystic change 2. Carcinoma (post menopausal) |
Breast tumor (benign) | fibroadenmoa |
Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient | Klebsiella |
Cardiac primary tumor (kids) | rhabdomyoma |
Cardiac manifestation of lupus | libman-sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting mitral) |
Cardiac tumor (adults) | 1. Metastasis 2. Primary myxoma 94:1 left to right atrium |
Cardiomyopathy | dilated cardiomyopathy (40% are familial) |
Cerebellar tonsillar herniation | Arnold- chiari malformation (often causes hydrocephalus) |
Chronic arrhythmia | atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli) |
Chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune) | predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia) |
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina | DES exposure in utero |
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | 21-hydroxylase deficiency |
Congenital cardiac anomaly | VSD |
Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemias (black liver) | Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatoocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile) |
Constrictive pericarditis in developing world | tuberculosis |
Coronary artery involved in thrombosis | LAD>RCA>LCA |
Cretinism | iodine deficit/hypothyroidism |
Cushing’s syndrome | 1. Corticosteroid therapy 2. Excess ACTH secretion by pituitary |
Cyanosis (early;less common) | tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus |
Cyanosis (late; more common) | VSD, ASD, PDA |
Death in CML | blast crisis |
Death in SLE | Lupus nephropathy |
Dementia | 1. Alzheimer’s disease 2. Multiple infarcts |
Demyelinating disease | Multiple sclerosis |
DIC | gram-negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma |
Dietary deficit | iron |
Diverticulum in pharynx | Zenker’s diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow) |
Ejection click | aortic/pulmonic stenosis |
Esophageal cancer | squamous cell carcinoma |
Food poisoning | S. aureus |
Gene involved in cancer | p53 tumor suppressor gene |
Glomerulonephritis (adults) | Berger’s Disease (IgA nephropathy) |
Gynecologic malignancy | endometrial carcinoma |
Heart murmur | mitral valve prolapsed |
Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis | mitral (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse), aortic (2nd affected in rheumatic fever) |
Helmith infection (US) | 1. Enterobius vermicularis 2. Ascaris lumbricoides |
Hematoma -- epidural | rupture of middle meningeal artery (arterial bleeding is fast) |
Hematoma -- subdural | rupture of bridging veins (trauma; venous bleeding is slow) |
Hemochromatosis | multiple blood transfusions (can rsult in CHF and incrased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma) |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | cirrhotic liver (Hep B and C) |
Hereditary bleeding disorder | von Willebrand's disease |
hereditary harmless jaundice | Gilbert's syndrome (benign congential unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia) |
HLA-B27 | Ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, ulcerative colitis |
HLA-DR3 or DR4 | Diabetes mellitus type I, RA, SLE |
Holosystolic murmur | VSD, tricuspid regurg, mitral regurg |
Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis | Virchow's triad (venus thrombosis) |
Secondary Hypertension | Renal Disease |
Hypoparathyroidism | thyroidectomy |
Hypopituitarism | adenoma |
infection in blood transfusion | Hep C |
Kidney stones | Calcium |
Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected L to R becomes R to L) | Eisenmenger's syndrome 9caused by ASD, VSD, PDA) |
Liver disease | alcoholic liver disease |
Lysosomal storage disease | Gaucher's disease |
male cancer | prostatic carcinoma |
malignancy associated with noninfectious fever | Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
malignant skin tumor | basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes) |
mental retardation | Down syndrome or fragile X |
mets to bone | breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney |
mets to brain | lung, breAST, SKIN, KIDNEY, gi |
METS TO LIVER | Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung |
mitral valve stenosis | rheumatic heart disease |
motor neuron disease | ALS |
myocarditis | Coxsackie B |
Neoplasm (KIDS) | ALL or cerebellar medlloblastoma |
Nephrotic syndrome (adults) | membranous glomerulonephritis |
Nephrotic syndrome (kids) | Minimal change disease (associated with infections/vaccinations; treat with corticosterois) |
obstruction of male urinary tract | BPH |
Opensing snap | mitral stenosis |
opportunistic infections in AIDS | penumocystits jiroveci pneumonia |
Organ receiving mets | adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply) |
Organ sending mets | Lung > breast, stomach |
Osteomyelitis | S. aureus |
Osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease | salmonella |
osteomyelitis with IV drug abuse | Pseudomonas |
ovarian metastasis from gastric carcinoma or breast CA | Krukenberg tumor (mucin secreting signet ring cells) |
Ovarian tumor (benign) | serous cystadenoma |
Ovarian tumor (malignant) | serous cystadenocarcinoma |
pancreatic tumor | adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas) |
pancreatitis (acute) | EtOH and gallstones |
Pancreatitis (chronic) | EtOH (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids) |
Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML | All: child, CLL: adult>60, AML: adult>60, CML: adult 35-50 |
patient with Hodgkin's disease | young male (except nodular sclerosis type: female) |
Pelvic inflammatory disease | Neisseria gonorrhoeae (monoarticular arthritis) |
Philadelphia chromosome | CML |
bcr-abl | CML |
Pituitary tumor | prolactinoma, somatotropic "acidophilic" adenoma |
Pneumonia, hospital acquired | Klebsiella |
primary amenorrhea | turner's syndrome (XO) |
Primary bone tumor (adults) | multiple myeloma |
Primary hyperaldosteronism | adenoma of adrenal cortex |
Primary hyperparathyroidism | adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma |
Primary liver cancer | hepatocellular carcinoma |
pulmonary hypertension | COPD |
recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities | Buerger's disease (strongly associated with tobacco) |
Renal tumor | Renal cell carcinoma: associated with von Hippel-Lindau and adult Polycystic kidney disease; paraneoplastic syndromes |
Right heart failure due to a pulmonary cause | Cor pulmonale |
S3 (protodiastolic gallop) | Increased ventricular filling (L to R shunt, mitral regurge, LV failure [CHF]) |
S4 (presystolic gallop) | Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy) |
Secondary hyperparathydoirdsm | hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease |
Sexually transmitted disease | Chlamydia |
SIADH? | small cell carcinoma of the lung |
site of diverticula | sigmoid colon |
site of metastasis | regional lymph nodes, liver |
sites of atherosclerosis | ABD aorta > coronary popliteal > carotid |
stomach cancer | adenocarcinoma |
stomach ulcerations with high gastrin levels | Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas) |
t(14;18) | Follicular lymphoma (bcl-2 activations) |
t(8;14) | Burkitt's Lymphoma (c-myc) |
t(9;22) | Philadelphia Chromosome; CML (bcr-abl |
Temporal arteritis | risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery |
testicular tumor | seminoma |
thyroid cancer | papillary carcinoma |
tumor in women | leiomyoma (estrogen dependent |
tumor of infancy | hemangioma |
tumor of adrenal medulla (adults) | pheochromocytoma |
tumor of adrenal medulla (kids) | neuroblastoma (malignant) |
type of hodgkin's | nodular sclerosis (vs mixed cellularity, lymphocity predominance, lymphocytic depleion) |
type of non-Hodkins | Diffuse large cell |
UTI | E. coli, S. saprophyticus |
Viral encephalitis | HSV |
Vitamin deficiency (US) | Folic Acid |
Created by:
HY90X
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