| Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Action |
Innervation |
| Flexor Digitorum Brevis | Medial calcaneal tuberosity and central part of plantar fascia | Middle phalanx of toes 2-5 | Flexes lateral four toes, Supports medial and lateral longitudinal arches | Medial Plantar Nerve (L5-S1) |
| Lumbricals | Sides of FDL tendon | Medial side of proximal phalanx and dorsal EDL tendon of toes 2-5 | Extend toes at interphalangeal joints and flex metatarsal phalangeal joints | Medial plantar nerve (L5-S1) and Lateral Plantar nerve (S1-S2) |
| Soleus | Posterior head and proximal 1/3 of body of fibula and soleal line | Achilles tendon onto posterior calcaneus | Plantar flexes foot | Tibial Nerve (S1-S2) |
| Gastrocnemius | Lateral head: posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur; medial head: posterior surface of femur above medial condyle | Achilles tendon onto posterior calcaneus | Plantar flexes foot, Flexes knee | Tibial Nerve (S1-S2) |
| Tibialis Posterior | Upper half of posterior shaft of tibia and upper 2/3 of medial surface of fibula and interosseus membrane | Tuberosity of navicular bone and all tarsal bones (except talus), bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals and spring ligament | Plantar flexes and inverts foot. Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot | Tibial Nerve (L5-S1) |
| Tibialis Anterior | Upper half of lateral shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane | Inferomedial aspect of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal | Dorsiflexes and inverts foot | Deep peroneal nerve (L4-S1) |
| Flexor Digitorum Longus | Middle 3/5 of posterior surface of tibia | Base of distal phalanges of lateral four toes | Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes | Tibial Nerve (L5-S1) |
| Flexor Hallucis Longus | Lower two thirds of posterior fibula and interosseus membrane | Base of distal phalanx of big toe | Flexes distal phalanx of big toe | Tibial Nerve (L5-S2) |
| Extensor Hallucis Longus | Middle half of anterior shaft of fibula | Base of distal phalanx of great toe | Extends big toe and assists dorsiflexion | Deep peroneal nerve (L4-S1) |
| Extensor Digitorum Longus | Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of anterior surface of bod of fibula, interosseus membrane | Distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Extends toes and assists dorsiflexion | Deep peroneal nerve (L4-S1) |
| Fibularis Tertius | Distal 1/3 of anterior shaft of fibula | Base of 5th metatarsal | Dorsiflexes and everts foot | Deep peroneal nerve (L4-S1) |
| Fibularis brevis | Lower two thirds lateral shaft of fibula | Base of 5th metatarsal | Plantarflexes and everts foot | Superficial peroneal nerve (L4-S1) |
| Quadratus Plantae | Lateral tuberosity of calcaneus, medial side of calcaneus | Lateral border long flexor tendons | Flexes toes 2-5 | Lateral Plantar (S1-S2) |
| Plantar Interossei | nferomedial shafts of 3rd , 4th and 5th metatarsals | Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd , 4th and 5th metatarsalsMedial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd, 4th and 5th toes | Adduct 3rd 4th and 5th toes, Assist lumbricals in extending interphalangeal joints while flexing metatarsal phalangeal joints | Lateral Plantar (S1-S2) |
| Adductor Hallucis | Oblique head: base of 2, 3, 4 metatarsals. Transverse head: plantar metatarsal ligaments and deep transverse ligament | Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe and lateral sesamoid | Adducts and flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe | Lateral Plantar |
| Dorsal Interossei | Sides of the metatarsal bones | Bases of proximal phalanges and dorsal extensor expansions of medial side of 2nd toe and lateral sides of 2nd , 3rd and 4th toes | Abduct 2nd , 3rd and 4th toes, Assist in extending IP joints while flexing MP joints | Lateral Plantar (S1-S2) |
| Abductor Digiti Minimi | Lateral plantar calcaneus and plantar fascia | Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe and 5th metatarsal | Flexes and abducts 5th toe | Lateral Plantar (S1-S2) |
| Flexor Digiti Minimi | Base of 5th metatarsal | Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe | Flexes MP joint of little toe | Lateral Plantar (S1-S2) |
| Flexor Hallucis Brevis | Cuboid, lateral cuneiform and tibialis posterior tendon | Medial and Lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe | Flexes MP joint of big toe | Medial Plantar (L5-S1) |
| Abductor Hallucis | Medial calcaneal tuberosity and plantar fascia | Medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of big toe | Flexes and abducts big toe | Medial Plantar (L5-S1) |
HHS Shrek
