Biochm Exam 3 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Lipids	provide energy, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Classes of Lipids	triglycerides, glycerolphospholipids, waxes, steroids
Triglycerides	made from 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
Glycerolphosholipids	made from 1 glycerine, 2 fatty acids and a phosphate
Waxes	1 fatty acid, & 1 alcohol, is an ester
Steroids	4 ring system, contain a 4 ring system called steroid nucleus
Fatty Acids	10-22 carbons, all even number of carbon, saturate of unsaturated
Saturated fatty acids	solid at room temp, high melting points
Unsaturated fatty acids	liquid at room temp, low melting point, in nature are cis
Palmitic acid	saturated, C15H31COOH
Stearic Acid	saturated, C17H35Cooh
Oleic Acid	unsaturated, 1db, C17H33COOH (w-9)
Linoleic Acid	unsaturated, 2db, C17H31COOH (w-6)
Linolenic Acid	unsaturated, 3db, C17H29COOH (w-3)
Essential fatty acids	body cannot make, must be obtained in diet, oleic linoleic and linolenic acid
Fat vs Oil	Fat solid, high melting point, saturated Oil liquid, low melting point, unsaturated
Monosaccharides	polyalcohol, 1 aldehyde or ketone, 3-10 carbons, do not break down
Dissaccharides	two monosaccharides
Maltose	grain sugar, glucose + glucose
Lactose	milk sugar, glucose + galactose
Sucrose	table sugar, glucose + fructose
Polysaccharides	large, many monosaccharides bonded by glycosidic bond
Proteins	most important and largest family of biochemicals, have nitrogen and some have sugar, made from alpha amino acids
Proteins in nature, d or l?	only have L
Cystine makes __ bonds	disulfide
Glycine has no	chiral center
primary structure	peptide bond
secondary structure	h-bond on backbone
tertiary structure	side chains can: h-bond, salt bridge, hydrophobic, disulfide
fibrous protein	insoluble
globular protein	soluble in blood and water
Oxidoreductase	oxidation/ reduction
hydrolase	add/ remove water
isomerase	changes one isomer to another
ligase	connects two molecules using ATP
Lyase	Adds/ removes double bond without water
transferase	transfers OH, NH, CH3.. from one molecule to another
Allosteric Enzyme	has more than 1 binding site, use other binding site to regulate activity
Zymogens	become active as needed
Competitive inhibitor	resembles substrate, reversible- active site remains, irreversible- active site destroyed
Noncompetitive inhibitor	does not resemble substrate, reversible- no shape change, irreversible- shape change
Nucleic acids	polymers made of monomers called nucleotides, made of sugar phosphate & base
DNA	Nucleus, store & transfer genetic code
RNA	outside nucleus, synthesize protein
Heterocyclic	have N in ring
Nucleoside	base & sugar
Nucleotide	base, sugar & po4
mRNA	carries info from DNA to cell to help synthesis of protein
tRNA	picks up specific AAs for protein synthesis
rRNA	helps synthesis of protein
DNA replication	making new DNA using polymerase
Transcription	synthesis of RNA with use of info from DNA
Translation	synthesis of a specific protein using mRNA
Amylopectin	storage of energy in plats
Amylose bond	alpha 1,4
Glycogen bond	alpha 1,4 & alpha 1,6
Cellulose bond	beta 1,4

Created by: brit24