DU PA GU Emergency Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Definition of acute renal failure | Rapidly deteriorating kidney function (accumulation of nitrogenous waste) |
Urine output less than 0.5-1cc/kg/hr (400cc/day in adults) | oliguria |
Most common cause of acute renal failure | Hypovolemia |
No urine output | Anuria |
Prerenal cause of ARF | Hypovolemia, ineffective circulating volumes (sepsis, anaphylaxis, third spacing), decreased cardiac output (chf, mi) |
What can cause dehydration | Vomiting and diarrhea, diuretics, skin losses (burns) |
Renal origins of ARF | Tubulointerstitial, glomerular, vascular |
Postrenal origins of ARF | Ureteral or bladder obstruction, urethral obstruction |
Causes of ureteral or bladder obstruction | Kidney stones, blood clots, malignancies, prostatic hypertrophy |
Urethral obstructions | Strictures, phimosis, meatal stenosis |
What lab are you looking at to determine ARF | Creatinine >1.4 |
Treatment for prerenal ARF | Volume replacement, maximize cardiac output |
Treatment for renal ARF | Low dose dopamine, mannitol in early rhabdomyolysis, dialysis |
Treatment for postrenal ARF | Relieve obstruction (foley, ureteral stent, nephrostomy) |
Signs and symptoms of UTI | Dysuria, frequency, urgency, hematuria, urethral discharge, pain (suprapubic, rectal, costovertebral) |
Most common UTI pathogen | E-coli |
Safe UTI treatments during pregnancy | Nitrofurantoin |
Duration of treatment for uncomplicated UTI’s | 3 days |
Duration of treatment of pyelonephritis, pregnant patients with UTIs, complicated/frequent UTIs/prior treatment failure | 7-14 days |
Treatment for GC | Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM |
Treatment for Chlamydia | Azithromycin or doxycycline |
Treatment for trichomonas | Metronidazole (Flagyl) |
Presentation of acute prostatitis | Fever, malaise, back or rectal pain, rectal exam reveals swollen/firm/painful prostate |
Source of acute prostatitis in males<35 yo | GC, chlamydia |
Source of acute prostatitis in males>35 | E-coli, klebsiella, Enterobacter, proteus |
Treatments for acute prostatitis | Quinolone, Bactrim |
Presentation of urolithiasis | Flank pain (abrupt onset, severe, colicky, may radiate to scrotum), N/V, previous episodes, CVA tenderness, LQ pain |
What are some deadly diseases that can mimic presentation for kidney stones | AAA, appendicitis, tuboovarian abscess, ectopic pregnancy |
Any female of childbearing age with abdominal pain gets a work up for what | Pregnancy |
Modality of choice for evaluation of urolithiasis in pregnant females | Ultrasound |
Presentation of testicular torsion | Young men, pain with abrupt onset (after exertion, or during sleep), severe low abdominal/inguinal canal/scrotum, N/V, horizontal lie of testicle, absence of cremasteric reflex |
Testicular torsion must be detorsed within __ for salvage | 4-6 |
Blue dot sign on translumination of testes is pathognomonic for what | Testicular appendage torsion |
What is Prehn’s sign and what is it a sign of | Pain relief with elevation of testicle, epididymo-orchitis |
Treatment for priapism | Subcutaneous terbutaline/phenylephrine, Surgery |
Inability to retract the foreskin due to fibrous constriction or scar | Phimosis |
Inability to reduce retracted foreskin over the glans | paraphimosis |
Created by:
bwyche
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