| Question |
Answer |
| what is the energy required to break a bond? | bond energy |
| this form of bonding consists of a metal with a nonmetal | ionic |
| what law can be used to calculate the interaction energy between a pair of ions? | coulomb's law |
| what is coulomb's law? | e = (2.31 x 10^-29 J nm)(Q1Q2)/r |
| what kind of bonding shares electrons? | covalent bonding |
| what is the name for the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons to itself? | electronegativity |
| describe the trend in electronegativity on the periodic table. | increases accross a period and decreases down a group |
| what type of bond has zero electronegativity? | covalent |
| what type of bond has a large electronegativity? | ionic |
| what type of bond is intermediate? | polar covalent bond |
| what is a dipole? | a molecule with a negative and positive center of charge |
| this is a bond between two nonmetals. | covalent bond |
| relate size to nuclear charge | size decreases as nuclear charge increases. |
| what is lattice energy? | the change in energy that takes place when separated gaseous ions are packed together to form and ionic solid |
| lattice energy can be calculated using which changed law? | coulomb's law with the constant as k |
| what is the equation for percent ionic character? | (measured dipole moment of x-y/ calculated dipole moment of x-y) * 100% |
| describe the trend between ionic character and electronegativity | ionic character increases with electronegativity |
| why do chemical bonds occur? | to seek the lowest possible energy |
| endothermic or exothermic has a negative sign? | exothermic |
| endothermic or exothermic has a positive sign? | endothermic |
| rule for the change in bond energies | change H = energy required-energy released |
| what are lone pairs? | pairs of electrons localized and unbonded on an atom |
| what are bonding pairs? | electrons found between the atoms in space that are bonded |
| what rule do most elements obey when forming lewis structures? | octet rule |
| name exceptions to the octet rule | period 3 elements, boron |
| what is resonance? | more than one bond position |
| given the designation what is the name: AB2 | linear (180) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB3 | trigonal planar (120) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB4 | tetrahedral (109) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB5 | trigonal bipyramid (90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB6 | octahedral (90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB2E | bent/angular (120) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB3E | trigonal pyramid (107) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB4E | seesaw.sawhorse (90 and 120) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB5E | square pyramid (90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB2E2 | bent/angular (105) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB3E2 | t-shape(90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB4E2 | square planar (90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB2E3 | linear (180) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB3E3 | t-shape (90) |
| given the designation what is the name: AB2E4 | linear (180) |
Biology Lab Midterm
