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Flap 2 |
| Dysrhythmias are disorders of | Formation/Conduction of heart’s electrical impulses |
| Diagnose dysrhythmias | ECG |
| Dysrhythmia naming | Site of origin, Mechanism of formation, Conduction involved |
| Sympathetic stimulation vs. Parasympathetic stimulation r/t Heart rate, AV node conduction & Force of myocardial contraction | S:all increase, P:all decrease |
| Chronotropy vs. Dromotropy vs. Inotropy | C:heart rate, D:AV node conduction, I:force of myocardial contraction |
| # of electrodes r/t 12-lead ECG | 10 w/6 on chest and 4 on limbs |
| Limb electrode placement | Non-bony areas w/out major movement |
| 12-lead ECG reflects electrical activity in | Left ventricle |
| Horizontal axis r/t ECG strip | Time & Rate |
| Vertical axis r/t ECG strip | Voltage/Amplitude |
| Positive deflection vs. Negative deflection | P:ECG waveform moves to top of strip, N:ECG waveform moves to bottom of strip |
| P Wave r/t Atria | Atrial depolarization |
| QRS Complex r/t Ventricle | Ventricular depolarization |
| T Wave r/t Ventricle | Ventricular repolarization |
| Atrial Repolarization r/t ECG strip | Occurs during QRS Complex |
| U Wave | Repolarization of Purkinje fibers |
| PR Interval | Time from SA node stimulation to conduction through AV node, Does not include ventricular depolarization |
| ST Segment r/t Isoelectric line | Analyzed to determine if below/above isoelectric line |
| QT Interval | Total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization |
| Prolonged QT intervals put Pt at risk for | Torsade de pointes |
| Type of dysrhythmia r/t Torsade de pointes | Ventricular |
| TP Interval | No electrical activity, Isoelectric line |
| PP Interval vs. RR Interval | PP:determines atrial rhythm & rate, RR:determines ventricular rate & rhythm |
| Each small box on ECG strip represents | .04 seconds |
| If RR & PP intervals are same or < .8 seconds | Regular rhythm |
| Contributing factors r/t Bradycardia | H’s and T’s |
| 3 H’s r/t Bradycardia | Hypovolemia, Hydrogen ions(acidosis), Hypoglycemia |
| 3 T’s r/t Bradycardia | Toxins, Thrombosis, Trauma |
| Sinus bradycardia vs. Sinus tachycardia vs. Normal sinus rhythm | Only difference is rate |
| Sinus arrhythmia r/t Respiration | Increases w/inspiration, Decreases w/expiration |
| Atrial flutter r/t AV node conduction | Not all atrial impulses are conducted into ventricle, Therapeutic block at AV node |
| P-wave shape r/t Atrial flutter | Saw-tooth shape |
| Occurs when AV node becomes pacemaker | Junctional/Idionodal rhythm |
| When P waves cannot be identified | Supraventricular tachycardia(SVT) |
| SVT indicates only that rhythm is not | Ventricular tachycardia |
| Emergencies r/t Dysrhythmia | Ventricular tachycardia, Ventricular fibrillation, Idioventricular rhythm, Ventricular asystole |
| Ventricular fibrillation characteristics | Absence of: heartbeat, palpable pulse & respirations |
| AHA guidelines r/t Unconscious adults who experience cardiac arrest d/t Ventricular fibrillation | Induce mild hypothermia for 12-24 hours |
| Idioventricular rhythm | Purkinje fibers become pacemaker |
| Ventricular asystole synonym | Flatline |
| AV blocks occur when | AV node conduction is decreased/stopped |
