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Bio - Cell Transport Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
passive transport	process by which some substances can cross the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell
diffusion	movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
concentration gradient	difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance
equilibrium	concentration of molecules is the same throughout the space the molecules occupy
simple diffusion	diffusion across a membrane that only allows certain molecules to pass through the membrane
osmosis	process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
hypotonic	describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell
hypertonic	describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell
isotonic	describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
contractile vacuoles	organelles that remove water by collecting the excess water and then contracting to pump out the water
turgor pressure	pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall
plasmolysis	condition in which cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost
cytolysis	condition in which a hypotonic environment causes water to diffuse into the cell, making it swell and eventually burst
facilitated diffusion	type of passive transport in which molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes are assisted by carrier proteins; thus ~ facilitated
carrier proteins	specific proteins in the membrane that assist the movement of molecules in facilitated diffusion
ion channels	type of membrane protein involved in passive transport - diffusion through ion channels
active transport	movement of materials from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration; UP concentration gradient; REQUIRES cell to expend ENERGY
sodium-potassium pump	transports Na+ ions and K+ ions up their concentration gradients
endocytosis	process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles, including other cells
pinocytosis	involves transport of solutes or liquids: DRINK
phagocytosis	movement of large particles or whole cells
phagocytes	cells that allow lysosomes to fuse with the vesicles that contain the ingested bacteria and viruses
vesicle	pouch pinched off from the cell membrane, becoming a membrane bound organelle
exocytosis	the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out of the cell